Radiological findings in 14 spasmodic torticollis patients with moderate to severe degenerative changes
| Type of ST | AO JT | AA JT PEG | AA JT LM | C2/3 FACETS | C2/3 U/C JTS | C3/4 FACETS | C3/4 U/C JTS | C4/5 FACETS | C4/5 U/C JTS | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | L | R | ||||||||||||||||
| R Torticollis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| L Torticollis | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| R Laterocollis | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| L Laterocollis | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Retrocollis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
R=Right, L=left; AO=atlanto-occipital; AA=atlantoaxial; LM=lateral masses; JT(S)=joint(s); U/C=uncovertebral
—=not scanned; 0=normal; 1=minimal degenerative change; 2=moderate degenerative change; 3=severe degenerative change