Univariate associations with incident cognitive impairment (CI)3-150
| Independent variable | Mean or n (% with CI) | Student's t or χ2 | p Value |
| Age | −4.33 (SE 1.4)3-151 | −3.03 | 0.003 |
| Non-CI group | 74.8 (SD 6.7) | ||
| CI group | 78.7 (SD 8.1) | ||
| Age (decades) | 13.153-152 | 0.0001 | |
| 65 to 75 y | 7/249 (2.8%) | ||
| 76 to 85 y | 12/141 (8.5%) | ||
| 86 to 95 or more y | 5/28 (17.9%) | ||
| Sex | 0.017 | 0.9 | |
| Male | 9/162 (5.6%) | ||
| Female | 15/256 (5.9%) | ||
| Activity limitation scale | 5.73-152 | 0.017 | |
| Lower quarter | 4/149 (2.7%) | ||
| 2nd quarter | 4/83 (4.8%) | ||
| 3rd quarter | 9/114 (7.9%) | ||
| Higher quarter | 7/72 (9.7%) | ||
| London handicap scale | 13.63-152 | 0.0001 | |
| Lower quarter (least handicapped) | 3/116 (2.6%) | ||
| 2nd quarter | 3/121 (2.5%) | ||
| 3rd quarter | 6/113 (5.3%) | ||
| Higher quarter (most handicapped) | 11/65 (17%) | ||
| Alcohol use (<65 y) | 0.02 | 0.89 | |
| 0 units | 11/164 (6.7%) | ||
| 1–10 units | 8/156 (5%) | ||
| 11–30 units | 1/57 (4.3%) | ||
| 31+ units | 3/39 (7.7%) | ||
| Alcohol use (>65 y) | 2.77 | 0.42 | |
| 0 units | 16/213 (7.5%) | ||
| 1–10 units | 6/147 (4%) | ||
| 11–30 units | 2/47 (4.3%) | ||
| 31+ units | 0/10 (0%) | ||
| Smoking | 5.80 | 0.055 | |
| Never | 7/134 (5.2%) | ||
| Ex-smoker | 8/204 (3.9%) | ||
| Current smoker | 9/80 (11.25%) | ||
| DPDS depression at time 1 | 0.2 | 0.65 | |
| Non-depressed | 20/361 (5.6%) | ||
| Depressed | 4/57 (7%) | ||
| Education (y) | 0.77 | 0.68 | |
| <9 y | 3/35 (12.5%) | ||
| 9–11 y | 17/293 (5.8%) | ||
| >11 y (CI) | 4/89 (4.5%) | ||
| Social (occupational) class | 4.133-152 | 0.042 | |
| Professional/managerial | 3/89 (3.4%) | ||
| Skilled non-manual | 4/114 (3.5%) | ||
| Skilled manual | 7/122 (5.7%) | ||
| Semiskilled/unskilled | 9/92 (9.8%) |