Acute neurological symptoms and signs seen by ciguatera victims
Symptom | Notes |
Paraesthesiae3 4 | One of the first signs of ciguatera intoxication.37 Occurs within hours of toxic fish ingestion. Symptoms last for days or weeks. Centrifugal spread from circumoral and glossal focus. |
Dysaesthesiae3 4 26 | A combination of hyperaesthesia; heightened nociperception; peripheral dysaesthesiae with possible central element of perverted sensation. |
Other sensory signs | Metallic taste,37pruritus,40 arthralgia, and myalgia. |
Pain | Limb,3 skin, joints,3dental,26 37 and urethral.18 |
Headache3 4 10 | May be a presenting sign. Usually non-localised; may be intense and prolonged. |
Weakness3 10 | Both peripherial features often with central accentuation due to prostration. |
Autonomic signs | Hypersalivation, bradycardia, laryngeal spasm, hypotension, mydriasis, or meiosis. |
Sensory signs18 27 | Insomnia, vertigo, nightmares (especially zoopsia40), coma,15 convulsions. |
Motor symptoms and signs27 | Weakness16 (due to both neural involvement34) and polymyositis,35 36hyporeflexia; dysphagia, paresis. |
Cerebellar signs and tremor | Sometimes late presenting; may occur up to 10 days after initial intoxication.30 31 |