Neurological history and examination: comparison between patients with CIAP, patients with PAD, and controls
| CIAP v controls | PAD v controls | CIAP v PAD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CIAP (n=97) | PAD (n=97) | Controls (n=96) | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | |
| Percentages of patients and controls with neuropathic signs and symptoms are presented. Significant differences are presented in italics. | |||||||||
| CIAP, Chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. | |||||||||
| Symptoms (%) | |||||||||
| Tingling | 57 | 33 | 17 | 6.5 | 3.3 to 12.8 | 2.5 | 1.2 to 4.9 | 2.7 | 1.5 to 4.8 |
| Numbness | 80 | 32 | 16 | 22.2 | 10.5 to 46.7 | 2.5 | 1.2 to 5.1 | 9.0 | 4.5 to 16.7 |
| Weakness | 72 | 11 | 11 | 20.0 | 9.3 to 43.2 | 1.0 | 0.4 to 2.4 | 20.4 | 9.4 to 43.5 |
| Muscle cramps | 64 | 49 | 31 | 3.9 | 2.1 to 7.1 | 2.1 | 1.1 to 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.1 to 3.3 |
| Disability (%) | |||||||||
| Walking distance <1000 m | 21 | 62 | 1 | 24.7 | 3.2 to 188 | 154 | 20.6 to 1153 | 0.2 | 0.1 to 0.3 |
| Use of walking aids | 39 | 14 | 4 | 14.8 | 5.0 to 43.7 | 3.9 | 1.2 to 12.3 | 3.8 | 1.9 to 7.7 |
| Rankin 0/1/2/3 | 0/31/64/5 | 4/31/60/5 | 69/27/4/0 | ||||||
| Rankin >1 | 69 | 65 | 4 | 7.2 | 4.1 to 12.4 | 42.6 | 14.4 to 127 | 1.1 | 0.6 to 2.0 |
| Signs (%) | |||||||||
| Atrophy hands | 29 | 7 | 7 | 5.2 | 2.1 to 12.5 | 1.0 | 0.3 to 3.0 | 5.2 | 2.2 to 12.6 |
| Atrophy lower legs | 54 | 33 | 11 | 8.9 | 4.2 to 18.8 | 3.8 | 1.8 to 8.2 | 2.3 | 1.3 to 4.2 |
| Weakness extension feet | 70 | 19 | 1 | 223 | 29.6 to 1675 | 21.9 | 2.9 to 168 | 10.2 | 5.2 to 19.9 |
| Ankle jerk absent | 87 | 49 | 35 | 11.8 | 5.7 to 24.2 | 1.7 | 1.0 to 3.1 | 6.9 | 3.4 to 13.9 |
| Pin prick sense abnormal | 79 | 38 | 18 | 17.9 | 8.7 to 36.7 | 1.4 | 0.8 to 2.4 | 6.1 | 3.2 to 11.7 |
| Touch sense abnormal | 80 | 36 | 19 | 17.9 | 8.7 to 36.4 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.1 | 7.2 | 3.7 to 13.7 |
| Vibration sense hallux absent | 94 | 41 | 26 | 18.4 | 8.7 to 38.5 | 2.0 | 1.1 to 3.7 | 21.2 | 8.5 to 53.2 |
| Neuropathy (%) | 100 | 15 | 5 | 3.3 | 1.1 to 10 | ||||
| Tests (mean (SD)) | |||||||||
| Vibration threshold | 2.0 (2.0) | 1.4 (1.2) | 0.9 (0.8) | p<0.001 | p<0.01 | p<0.05 | |||
| Tapping arm | 29 (8) | 31 (5) | 35 (7) | p<0.001 | p<0.01 | NS | |||
| Tapping leg | 29 (11) | 34 (8) | 39 (8) | p<0.001 | p<0.01 | p<0.05 | |||