Clinical information and HLA-DRB1 alleles in 12 cases of B19 meningoencephalitis
| No | Sex | Age (gest) | Symptoms and signs† | EEG result | Brain scan (CT/MR) | Death | Sequelae | HLA-DRB1 alleles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The twin of case 11 was born with “cerebral palsy” consisting of right sided hemiplegia, deafness in the right ear, and poor control of the right eye. This baby also had seizures and surfactant deficient lung disease. | ||||||||
| †Published previously.1 | ||||||||
| ASD, atrial septal defect; cALL, common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; d, day; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; F, female; gest, gestation; HLH, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (diagnosed both antemortem (bone marrow) and postmortem); m, month; M, male; N, no; ND, not determined; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis, PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection; USS, ultrasound scan; VSD, ventricular septal defect; wk, week; y, year; Y, yes. | ||||||||
| 1 | M | 2 m | Meningitis, pyrexia, URTI, anaemia (Hb 8.8 g/dl) | ND | – | N | N | *04/*14 |
| 2 | M | 2 m | Encephalitis, conjunctivitis, URTI | Normal | MR, normal | N | N | *13/*15 |
| 3 | M | 6 m | Meningitis, pyrexia, hepatosplenomegaly, cervical lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, anaemia (Hb 8.5 g/dl), prolonged clotting time, hepatitis, HLH | ND | – | Y | – | – |
| 4 | M | 2 y, 1 m | Encephalitis, pyrexia, cALL | Encephalopathic | MR, abnormal | N | Y | *04 |
| 5 | F | 2 y, 3 m | Encephalitis, ataxia, anaemia (Hb 10.9 g/dl), hepatitis | Encephalopathic | CT, normal | N | N | *04/*07 |
| 6 | F | 6 y, 4 m | Encephalitis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, DIC, acute renal failure, multiple organ failure, Cockayne syndrome | Silence | – | Y | – | – |
| 7 | M | 9 y | Encephalitis, thrombocytopenia, anaemia (Hb 10.7 g/dl), cervical lymphadenopathy | Encephalopathic | MR, abnormal | N | Y | – |
| 8 | F | 13 y | Encephalitis, liver failure, Crigler-Najjar syndrome | ND | – | ND | ND | – |
| 9 | M | 13 y | Encephalitis, hemiparesis, ataxia | Post-ictal EEG: slow on left | MR+CT, normal | N | N | – |
| 10 | F | 15 y | Encephalitis | Encephalopathic | CT, abnormal | N | Y | *03/*04 |
| 11 | F | 1 d (23 wk) | Encephalitis, NEC, PDA, hepatitis, surfactant deficiency, osteopenia of immaturity, valgus leg deformity at age 1 y | ND | – | N | Y | – |
| 12 | F | 1 d (36 wk) | Encephalitis, VSD, ASD, PDA, poor respiratory drive, obstructive jaundice, persistent anaemia, 47XXX | ND | [USS, cysts on choroid plexus] | Y | – | – |