Cardiac risk factors for embolism detected using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE in 441 unselected patients with stroke or TIA
| Detected by TTE | Detected by TEE | |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac risk factors for embolism | No (%) | No (%) |
| *Similar number was detected by TEE as by TTE. | ||
| Major risk factors | ||
| Left atrial cavity thrombus | 2 (0.5) | * |
| Left atrial appendage thrombus | 0 | 21 (4.8) |
| Left ventricular thrombus | 2 (0.5) | * |
| Aortic thrombus | 0 | 16 (3.6) |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy with ejection fraction <35% | 7 (1.6) | * |
| Mitral valve stenosis | 1 (0.2) | * |
| Minor risk factors | ||
| Mitral valve prolapse | 21 (4.8) | * |
| Mitral annular calcification | 8 (1.8) | * |
| Calcified aortic stenosis | 6 (1.4) | * |
| Patent foramen ovale | 0 | 67 (15.2) |
| Slow flow (spontaneous echo contrast) | 0 | 20 (4.5) |
| Atrial septal aneurysm | 20 (4.5) | * |
| Left ventricular aneurysm | 10 (2.3) | * |
| Aortic aneurysm | 0 | 1 (0.2) |
| False tendon | 7 (1.6) | * |
| Aortic plaques | 0 | 73 (16.6) |