Localised mass lesions | Traumatic haematomas (extradural, subdural, intracerebral) |
| Neoplasms (glioma, meningioma, metastasis) |
| Abscess |
| Focal oedema secondary to trauma, infarction, tumour |
|
Disturbance of CSF circulation | Obstructive hydrocephalus |
| Communicating hydrocephalus |
|
Obstruction to major venous sinuses | Depressed fractures overlying major venous sinuses |
| Cerebral venous thrombosis |
|
Diffuse brain oedema or swelling | Encephalitis, meningitis, diffuse head injury, subarachnoid haemorrhage, Reye’s syndrome, lead encephalopathy, water intoxication, near drowning |
Idiopathic | Benign intracranial hypertension |