Examples of causes of raised intracranial pressure
| Pathological process | Examples |
|---|---|
| Localised mass lesions | Traumatic haematomas (extradural, subdural, intracerebral) |
| Neoplasms (glioma, meningioma, metastasis) | |
| Abscess | |
| Focal oedema secondary to trauma, infarction, tumour | |
| Disturbance of CSF circulation | Obstructive hydrocephalus |
| Communicating hydrocephalus | |
| Obstruction to major venous sinuses | Depressed fractures overlying major venous sinuses |
| Cerebral venous thrombosis | |
| Diffuse brain oedema or swelling | Encephalitis, meningitis, diffuse head injury, subarachnoid haemorrhage, Reye’s syndrome, lead encephalopathy, water intoxication, near drowning |
| Idiopathic | Benign intracranial hypertension |