Table 1

Summary of eight patients undergoing invasive monitoring for epilepsy

PatientAge/ sexInvasive monitoring performedResective surgery performedElectrode of seizure onsetRole of IVE in localising seizure onsetPost-op Engel classificationComplication of IVE placement
FOE, foramen ovale electrode; IVE, intraventricular electrode; SDGE, subdural grid electrode; SDSE, subdural strip electrode; AHC, amygdalohippocampectomy. *Alcohol related seizure postoperatively.
146 Fleft frontal SDGE 
 left subtemporal SDGE 
 left IVEleft anterior temporal lobectomy + AHCSubtemporal SDGEFrequent epileptiform discharges. 
 IVE did not help in localising.ILeft thalamic contusion
223 Fbilateral temporal SDSE 
 bilateral IVEright anterior temporal lobectomy + AHCSimultaneous: 
 - Right IVE 
 - Right subtemporal SDSEDipole between right subtemporal SDSE and right IVE.IIVE placed into frontal horn on left side
332 Fbilateral FOE 
 bilateral IVEleft selective AHCLeft IVELocalised seizure origin.Inone
432 Mright temporal SDSE 
 left FOE 
 bilateral IVEright anterior temporal lobectomy + AHCRight subtemporal SDSENoted dipole formed between right anterior SDSE and anterior IVE.Inone
523 Mleft frontal SDGE 
 left temporal SDGE 
 left IVEleft anterior temporal lobectomy + AHCLeft subtemporal SDGE–II*Aborted IVE.
628 Mright FOE
 left subtemporal SDGE 
 bilateral IVEleft temporal seizure-focus resection + AHCSimultaneous: 
 - Left IVE 
 - Left subtemporal SDGEIVE revealed frequent epileptiform discharges in the posterior electrode.Inone
718 Mbilateral SDSE
 bilateral IVEno surgery offered – non-temporal focusBilateral posterior SDSENo ictal discharge recorded in IVEs–none
821 Fright FOE 
 right IVE 
 right SDGEright anterior temporal lobectomy + AHCSimultaneous:
 - Right FOE 
 - Right IVEFound dipole between FOE and IVE.Inone