▸Cortical | Epilepsy |
| Vascular |
| Tumour |
▸Brainstem | Congenital (Ondine’s curse)—primary alveolar hypoventilation |
| Tumour |
| Vascular |
| Multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
| Motor neurone disease |
| Infection: Borrelia |
| Listeria |
| Post-varicella encephalomyelitis |
| Poliomyelitis |
| Encephalitis lethargica |
| Western equine encephalitis |
| Paraneoplastic |
| Leigh’s disease |
| Reye’s syndrome |
| Hypoxaemia |
▸Formen magnum and upper cervical cord |
| Arnold Chiari malformation – cerebellar ectopia |
| Achondroplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta |
| Rheumatoid arthritis—odontoid peg compression |
| Trauma |
| Vascular |
▸Disorders of the spinal cord |
| Acute epidural compression due to neoplasm or infection |
| Acute transverse myelitis |
| Cord infarction |
| Other myelopathies (including traumatic) |
| Tetanus |
▸Autonomic | Multi system atrophy |
▸Extrapyramidal | Status dystonicus |