Examples of non-neurogenic causes of orthostatic hypotension. In patients with autonomic failure these may enhance orthostatic hypotension considerably
| Mathias CJ, Bannister R, eds. Investigation of autonomic disorders. In: Autonomic failure: a textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system, 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002:342–56. | |
| ▸Low intravascular volume | |
| Blood/plasma loss | Haemorrhage, burns, haemodialysis |
| Fluid/electrolyte | Inadequate intake—anorexia nervosa |
| Fluid loss—vomiting, diarrhoea, losses from ileostomy | |
| Renal/endocrine—salt losing neuropathy, adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease), diabetes insipidus, diuretics | |
| ▸Vasodilatation | Drugs (glyceryl trinitrate) |
| Alcohol | |
| Heat, pyrexia | |
| Hyperbradykinism | |
| Systemic mastocytosis | |
| Extensive varicose veins | |
| Systemic mastocytosis | |
| ▸Cardiac impairment | |
| Myocardial | Myocarditis |
| Impaired ventricular filling | Atrial myxoma, constrictive pericarditis |
| Impaired output | Aortic stenosis |