Results for the estimation of predictors of outcome in herpes simplex encephalitis by single and multiple logistic regression analyses
| Variable | Unit of increase | Spearman’s rank correlation against outcome | Single logistic regression analysis | Multiple logistic regression analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |||
| *Statistically significant (p<0.05). | ||||||
| †Subtraction GCS score from 16. | ||||||
| ‡The values of (5) and (6) were arbitrarily categorised as above based on our clinical experience. | ||||||
| CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CT, cranial computed tomography; EEG, electroencephalogram; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not applicable; PLEDs, periodic lateralised epileptiform discharges. | ||||||
| (1) Sex | NA | 0.266 | 0.992 (0.30 to 3.29) | 0.989 | – | – |
| (2) Age | 1 year | 0.605 | 1.075 (1.03 to 1.12) | 0.001* | 1.088 (1.02 to 1.16) | 0.006* |
| (3) Days after onset at initiation of aciclovir | 1 day | 0.305 | 1.097 (0.92 to 1.31) | 0.144 | – | – |
| (4) Modified value of GCS score at initiation of aciclovir† | 1 score | 0.602 | 1.424 (1.14 to 1.77) | 0.002* | 1.452 (1.08 to 1.95) | 0.014* |
| (5) Initial leucocyte cell count in CSF‡ | 0–10 | 0.245 (0.284) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.566 | – | – |
| (maximum values in serial CSFs) | 11–100 | 0.200 (0.02 to 2.03) (0.275 (0.03 to 2.90)) | (0.719) | |||
| 101–300 | 0.200 (0.02 to 2.58) (0.250 (0.02 to 3.34)) | |||||
| ⩾301/μl | 0.300 (0.03 to 3.63) (0.375 (0.03 to 4.71)) | |||||
| (6) Initial CSF protein‡ | ⩽50 | 0.253 (0.246) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.441 | – | – |
| (maximum values in serial CSFs) | 51–100 | 0.444 (0.07 to 2.74) (0.650 (0.10 to 4.18)) | (0.388) | |||
| ⩾101 mg/dl | 0.292 (0.04 to 1.94) (0.311 (0.05 to 2.11)) | |||||
| (7) Corticosteroid administration | 0 = given | 0.521 | 3.467 (0.99 to 12.09) | 0.041* | 8.964 (1.13 to 70.99) | 0.038* |
| 1 = not given | ||||||
| (8) Detection of lesion by initial CT | 0 = absent | 0.562 | 6.222 (1.45 to 26.65) | 0.044* | 3.690 (0.43 to 31.85) | 0.235 |
| 1 = present | ||||||
| (9) Detection of lesion by initial MRI | 0 = absent | 0.567 | 5.400 (0.59 to 49.27) | 0.135 | – | – |
| 1 = present | ||||||
| (10) Detection of PLEDs on EEG | 0 = absent | 0.269 | 1.050 (0.32 to 3.44) | 0.936 | – | – |
| 1 = present | ||||||