Clinical features, antiretroviral therapy, and time interval between the first and second MRI study of the brain in six patients with HIV leucoencephalopathy
| Patient | Age/sex | CD4 count (×106/l) | Clinical presentation | Drug treatment | Time interval to 2nd MRI and CD4 count | Biopsy results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Only patient 2 had neuropsychological testing at the time of clinical presentation and after the symptoms had improved; †only patient 5 had received AZT 600 mg/day for a period of 3 months before the onset of cognitive decline. | ||||||
| AZT, AZT, 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NK, not known; TNFα, tumour necrosis factor α. | ||||||
| 1 | 31/M | 105 | Depression for 6 months, followed by confusion, falls, leg weakness for 3 months | AZT 600 mg/day | 5 weeks/375 | – |
| 2* | 42/M | 80 | Failing memory, frequent falls for 3 months | AZT 800 mg/day | 12 weeks/567 | – |
| 3 | 41/M | 160 | Memory problems for 4 months | AZT 800 mg/day | 4 weeks/NK | – |
| 4 | 40/M | 98 | Mental decline for 10 weeks | AZT 1000 mg/day | 5 months/439 | Extensive TNFα, HLA-DR staining |
| 5† | 46/M | 110 | Personality changes, memory difficulties for 2 months | AZT 600 mg/day Saquinavir | – | Extensive TNFα, HLA-DR staining |
| 6 | 33/M | <50 | Confusional state for 4 weeks | AZT 600 mg/day D4T 60 mg/day | 5 weeks/170 | Necropsy: gp41, TNFα, HLA-DR staining |