Demographic and clinical data on all brain damaged patients with hemiparesis or hemiplegia
| Variable | Denial grade 0 | Denial grade 1 | Denial grade 2 | Denial grade 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denial grade 0 to 3 according to the anosognosia scale of Bisiach et al.3 | |||||
| f, female; haem, haemorrhage; inf, infarct; m, male; MMSE, mini-mental state examination13; tnp, testing not possible. | |||||
| Number | 99 | 17 | 8 | 4 | |
| Sex (M;F) | 54;45 | 6;11 | 6;2 | 3;1 | |
| Age (years) | Median (range) | 69 (20 to 100) | 70 (45 to 89) | 71(51 to 84) | 78(54 to 91) |
| Aetiology | 84 inf, 15 haem | 12 inf, 5 haem | 3 inf, 5 haem | 3 inf, 1 haem | |
| Time since lesion (days) | Median (range) | 4 (0 to 14) | 4 (0 to 11) | 3.5 (1 to 15) | 3 (0 to 14) |
| Side of lesion | |||||
| Right | % present | 56 | 41 | 75 | 100 |
| Left | % present | 44 | 59 | 25 | 0 |
| Paresis of contralesional side | % present | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Arm | Median (range) | 4 (0 to 4) | 3 (0 to 4) | 0 (0 to 4) | 0 (0 to 1) |
| Leg | Median (range) | 4 (0 to 4) | 3 (0 to 4) | 0 (0 to 3) | 0 (0 to 3) |
| Visual field defects | % present | 4 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| % tnp | 3 | 6 | |||
| Neglect | % present | 16 | 24 | 75 | 75 |
| % tnp | 13 | 12 | 13 | 25 | |
| Extinction | |||||
| Visual | % present | 19 | 52 | 75 | 75 |
| % tnp | 5 | 6 | 13 | ||
| Tactile | % present | 22 | 41 | 75 | 75 |
| % tnp | 4 | 12 | 13 | ||
| Auditory | % present | 19 | 18 | 75 | 75 |
| % tnp | 6 | 12 | 13 | ||
| Aphasia | % present | 14 | 24 | 0 | 0 |
| MMSE | Median (range) | 25 (9 to 30) | 18.5 (6 to 29) | 13.5 (10 to 21) | 15.5 (4 to 24) |