Performance on cognitive tasks (mean (SD)) in concussed and control athletes
| Study gourp | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Asymptomatic | Symptomatic | |||||||
| Baseline | Follow up | z score | Baseline | Follow up | z score | Baseline | Follow up | z score | |
| z: change score calculated by dividing the group mean difference score by the within subjects standard deviation (WSD) of the control group. | |||||||||
| *Significant improvement in performance from baseline (p<0.01); †significant deterioration in performance from baseline (p<0.01). | |||||||||
| No of athletes | 84 | 84 | 36 | 36 | 25 | 25 | |||
| Simple RT speed | 2.41 (0.06) | 2.42 (0.05) | −0.10 | 2.43 (0.07) | 2.45 (0.06) | −0.30 | 2.41 (0.06) | 2.46 (0.06) | −0.86† |
| Choice RT speed | 2.62 (0.06) | 2.64 (0.08) | −0.33 | 2.64 (0.10) | 2.65 (0.06) | −0.07 | 2.63 (0.08) | 2.67 (0.07) | −0.60† |
| Complex RT speed | 2.75 (0.07) | 2.75 (0.06) | −0.01 | 2.76 (0.06) | 2.77 (0.07) | −0.16 | 2.75 (0.07) | 2.79 (0.07) | −0.61† |
| Divided attention speed | 2.49 (0.08) | 2.49 (0.10) | 0.05 | 2.45 (0.09) | 2.51 (0.09) | −0.73† | 2.50 (0.08) | 2.52 (0.10) | −0.25 |
| One-back speed | 2.75 (0.09) | 2.77 (0.09) | −0.18 | 2.77 (0.10) | 2.79 (0.09) | −0.16 | 2.79 (0.10) | 2.81 (0.08) | −0.24 |
| Matching accuracy | 1.14 (0.22) | 1.12 (0.21) | −0.12 | 1.19 (0.23) | 1.23 (0.24) | 0.19 | 1.14 (0.17) | 1.23 (0.19) | 0.41 |
| Learning accuracy | 0.92 (0.12) | 0.90 (0.15) | −0.17 | 0.96 (0.12) | 0.99 (0.13) | 0.24 | 0.97 (0.12) | 0.97 (0.13) | −0.03 |
| DSST | 66.17 (11.28) | 68.85 (11.37) | 0.56* | 66.42 (12.34) | 71.18 (12.63) | 0.99* | 61.00 (6.10) | 62.41 (8.15) | 0.29 |
| Trail Making Test—Part B | 52.92 (16.54) | 48.33 (15.26) | 0.49* | 53.94 (19.55) | 46.52 (14.91) | 0.79* | 53.81 (13.71) | 52.41 (15.02) | 0.15 |