Table 3 Impact of vascular risk factors on neuropsychological performance: cognitive domains (linear regression analysis; global tests MMSE and ADAS total and compound measures; executive functions; speed and motor control; and memory)

Cognitive measure	Independent variables	R square	R square change	F change	β standard
MMSE
Model 1		0.16	0.16	17.16**
Model 2	Age	0.17	0.01	9.4**	NS
	Education				0.32**
	Hypertension				NS
	Diabetes				NS
	PVD				−0.08*
	Cardiac arrhythmias				NS
	Current alcohol				0.13**
	ARWMC				−0.12**
ADAS total score
Model 1		0.14	0.14	20.59**
Model 2	Age	0.16	0.01	9.12**	0.15**
	Education				−0.27**
	Hypertension				NS
	Diabetes				0.13**
	PVD				0.11**
	ARWMC				0.12**
Executive functions (compound measure)
Model 1		0.27	0.27	29.46**
Model 2	Age	0.29	0.02	15.58**	−0.21**
	Education				0.38**
	Hypertension				−0.38*
	Previous stroke				−0.1*
	Diabetes				−0.11**
	PVD				NS
	Angina pectoris				NS
	ARWMC				0.15**
Speed and motor control (compound measure)
Model 1		0.19	0.19	20.5**
Model 2	Age	0.21	0.02	15.23**	−0.16**
	Education				0.34**
	Hypertension				NS
	Previous stroke				NS
	Previous TIA				NS
	Diabetes				−0.03**
	Current alcohol				0.01*
	ARWMC				−0.15**
Memory (compound measure)
Model 1		0.13	0.13	12.57
Model 2		0.14	0.01	NS

	Age				−0.15**
	Education				0.27**
	Hypertension				NS
	Diabetes				−0.11**
	PVD				−0.1*
	Hypertriglyceridaemia				NS
	Current alcohol				NS
	ARWMC				NS

ADAS, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale; ARWMC, age related white matter changes; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.
Results of β standard are presented only for model 2.
*p<0.05; **p<0.01.