Cut-off levels used for categorisation of performance below normal cognitive function, walking ability, manual dexterity, dependency in activities of daily living, frequency of social or lifestyle activities below normal and sense of coherence
| Variable | Questionnaire/instrument | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| ADL, activities of daily living. | ||
| Cognitive function | Symbol Digit Modalities Test | Age-related norms, written or oral reply,−1.5 SD21 |
| Free recall portion of the Free Recall and Recognition of 12 Random Words Test | Age-related/sex-related norms, −1 SD32 | |
| Walking ability | Walking speed 10 m (5×2) | Age-related/sex-related norms, −1 SD33 |
| Manual dexterity | Nine-Hole Peg Test | <0.5 pegs/s34 |
| ADL | Barthel Index | <100 |
| Katz-Extended ADL Index | Dependent in one or more items | |
| Frequency of social or lifestyle activities | Frenchay Activities Index | Age-related/sex-related norms, < lower quartile35 |
| SOC | Sense of coherence scale | Weak SOC: 13–54 points; moderate-–strong SOC: 55–91 points30 |