Studies on risk factor associations with small vessel disease subdivisions
| SVD subdivisions | Imaging modality | Risk factors assessed | Multiple lacunar infarcts associate with: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; MBP, mean blood pressure; MLI, multiple lacunar infarcts; NLI, non-lacunar infarction; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SLI, single lacunar infarction; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; WHO, World Health Organisation. | ||||
| *Association with hypertension dependent on presence of ischaemic leukoaraiosis. | ||||
| Boiten 19933 | SLI (n = 79) MLI (n = 21) | CT | Age, sex, hypertension (>160/90), diabetes (fasting glucose >6 mmol/l), IHD | Leukoaraiosis* |
| Mast 199510 | NLI (n = 453) SLI (n = 144) MLI (n = 40) | CT | Age, sex, hypertension (>160/90), SBP and DBP (mm Hg), diabetes, cardiac disease | Hypertension, diabetes, DBP, inverse cardiac disease |
| Spolveri 199811 | NLI (n = 62) SLI (n = 39) MLI (n = 35) | CT | Age, sex, hypertension (>160/90), DBP and SBP (mm Hg), cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic index >0.5), diabetes (fasting venous plasma glucose >140 mg/dl), serum glucose (mg/dl), smoking, IHD, total cholesterol (mg/dl) | Leukoaraiosis, cardiomegaly, DBP |
| SLI (n = 229) MLI (n = 104) | Age, hypertension, leukoaraiosis | |||
| De Jong 200212 | MLI+leukoaraiosis (n = 63) SLI (no leukoaraiosis) (n = 196) | CT | Age, sex, hypertension (>160/90 mm Hg), diabetes (fasting serum glucose >7 mmol/l), IHD, carotid stenosis | Age, hypertension associated with MLI + leukoaraiosis |
| Arauz 200313 | SLI (n = 39) MLI (n = 136) | MRI | Age, sex, smoking, history of TIA, cardiac disease, hypertension (SBP ⩾140 mm Hg), diabetes (WHO criteria), hyperlipidaemia (cholesterol >2.4 g/l, triglyceride levels >1.4 g/l), alcohol intake | Leukoaraiosis, diabetes, haematocrit |
| Pavlovic 200614 | SLI (n = 47) MLI (n = 136) | MRI | Age, sex, history of TIA, hypertension (SBP >140 mm Hg or DBP >90 mm Hg), hypotension (SBP <90 mm Hg or MBP <65 mm Hg) diabetes (fasting serum glucose >7 mmol/l, postprandial glucose >11 mmol/l), cardiac disease, migraine, smoking, haematocrit, fibrinogen, cholesterol (mmol/l), homocysteine (mmol/l), family history of CVD | Age, hypertension, hypotension, SBP, DBP, homocysteine |