Sex differences in the incidence of Parkinson’s disease
| Study location | Year | Population | Number of cases | Mean age of onset (years) | Age-standardised M:F ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Size | |||||
| M:F, male:female. | ||||||
| *Age-adjusted RR from original publication. | ||||||
| †Mean age calculated crudely from age-stratified number of cases. | ||||||
| Western populations | ||||||
| Southwest Finland2 | 1976 | All | 402 988 | 179 | 61.6 | 0.90 (0.50 to 1.50)* |
| Poznan, Poland2 | 1989 | All | 1 308 000 | 163 | 66.6† | 1.34 (1.06 to 1.67) |
| Ferrara, Italy2 | 1991 | All | 187 381 | 394 | 62.6 | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.17) |
| Manhattan, USA2 | 1995 | All | 213 000 | 83 | 76.3 | 1.53 (1.07 to 2.12) |
| Navarra, Spain2 | 1999 | All | 523 563 | 86 | 69.5 | 2.11 (1.58 to 2.76) |
| Olmstead, USA2 | 1999 | All | 95 000 | 154 | 70.8† | 2.12 (1.70 to 2.61) |
| Turku, Finland2 | 1999 | All | 196 864 | NS | 64.8 | 1.90 (1.40 to 2.60)* |
| Italy3 | 2000 | 65–84 | 4341 | 42 | 76.5† | 2.14 (1.43 to 3.07) |
| Tartu, Estonia4 | 2003 | All | 156 417 | 264 | 68.8 | 0.97 (0.75 to 1.26)* |
| California, USA5 | 2003 | All | 4 776 038 person-years | 588 | 70.5 | 1.82 (1.63 to 2.02) |
| Rotterdam, The Netherlands6 | 2004 | ⩾55 | 6839 | 67 | 77.5† | 1.34 (0.91 to 1.91) |
| Central Spain7 | 2004 | ⩾65 | 5160 | 30 | 79.1† | 2.39 (1.44 to 3.74) |
| Cambridge, UK8 | 2004 | All | 700 000 | 201 | 70.3 | 1.36 (1.11 to 1.65) |
| Aberdeen, UK9 | 2006 | All | 148 600 | 50 | 76.1 | 2.30 (1.55 to 3.28) |
| Pooled age-adjusted M:F ratio | 1.57 (1.33 to 1.86) | |||||
| Asian populations | ||||||
| 29 provinces, China2 | 1991 | All | 3 869 162 | 58 | 69.2† | 0.87 (0.55 to 1.32) |
| Ilan County, Taiwan2 | 2001 | All | 75 579 | 15 | 67.0† | 1.03 (0.45 to 2.04) |
| Wakayama, Japan10 | 2002 | All | 1 080 000 | 183 | 73.2† | 0.97 (0.76 to 1.21) |
| Pooled age-adjusted M:F ratio | 0.95 (0.78 to 1.16) | |||||
| Total pooled age-adjusted M:F ratio | 1.46 (1.24 to 1.72) | |||||