Gait and sequential hand and arm movement time at baseline, 1 day, and at 1 and 3 months after the tDCS and sham intervention
| Timed tests (s) | tDCS | Baseline | 1 day post-intervention | p Value (95% CI) | 1 month post-intervention | p Value (95% CI) | 3 months post-intervention | p Value (95% CI) |
| Sham | ||||||||
| Gait* | On | 8.7±2.4 | 7.2±1.6 | 0.43 (−1.5 to 1.4) | 7.0±1.2 | 0.87 (−2.1 to 2.5) | 7.2±1.5 | 0.57 (−8.0 to 4.4) |
| 8.6±2.6 | 7.6±1.5 | 8.7±3.7 | 8.8±4.2 | |||||
| Off | 9.7±3.6 | 7.5±1.5 | 0.0019 (1.0 to 4.3) | 7.6±1.4 | 0.19 (−1.1 to 5.5) | 9.0±4.8 | 0.30 (−0.7 to 2.3) | |
| 9.5±4.1 | 9.8±4.7 | 10.9±7.3 | 9.7±4.6 | |||||
| Hand and arm movements | On | 12.3±3.5 | 8.5±1.8 | 0.0021 (0.8 to 3.2) | 9.1±2.0 | 0.0299 (0.1 to 2.2) | 9.0±1.8 | 0.0075 (0.4 to 2.7) |
| 12.3±4.0 | 10.5±2.3 | 10.5±2.3 | 10.4±2.5 | |||||
| Off | 14.5±4.5 | 8.9±1.8 | <0.0001 (1.3 to 3.2) | 9.4±1.9 | 0.0147 (0.4 to 3.7) | 9.7±2.0 | 0.0238 (0.3 to 3.6) | |
| 14.4±5.3 | 11.1±2.6 | 11.7±3.8 | 11.6±4.0 | |||||
Values are mean±SD.
↵* Gait measurements excluding a patient with extreme outliers. Results of tDCS and sham groups are presented in the first and second row, respectively. 95% CIs were obtained from the linear mixed effects models and refer to treatment effects (real vs sham tDCS) in terms of change from baseline.
tDCS, transcranial direct current stimulation.