Comparisons of baseline clinical features and neuroimaging findings between patients with or without seizures following bacterial brain abscesses
| Without seizures | With seizures | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | |
| N=157 | N=48 | ||||
| Sex (male/female) | 116/41 | 35/13 | 0.890 | 0.95 | 0.46 to 1.97 |
| Mean age at onset | 45.8±18.2 | 46.8±17.9 | 0.723 | ||
| Median (IQR) GCS on presentation | 15 (13.75–15) | 15 (11.75–15) | 0.451 | ||
| Neuroimaging findings at presentation | |||||
| Multiple/solitary | 34/123 | 13/35 | 0.434 | 1.34 | 0.64 to 2.82 |
| Multiloculated | 34 | 8 | 0.454 | 0.72 | 0.31 to 1.69 |
| Involved left hemisphere | 93 | 25 | 0.380 | 0.748 | 0.391 to 1.432 |
| Involved fronto-parietal lobe | 17 | 13 | 0.005 | 3.06 | 1.36 to 6.89 |
| Hydrocephalus | 25 | 9 | 0.645 | 1.22 | 0.53 to 2.83 |
| IVROBA | 52 | 14 | 0.608 | 0.83 | 0.41 to 1.68 |
| Median (IRQ) volumes of brain abscess (mm3) | 15.26 (4.6–28.0) | 11.35 (3.9–27.6) | 0.279 | ||
| Acquisition of infection | |||||
| Nosocomially acquired/community acquired | 36/121 | 18/30 | 0.045 | 2.02 | 1.01 to 4.03 |
| Types of infection | |||||
| Post- neurosurgery/spontaneous | 32/125 | 15/33 | 0.117 | 1.78 | 0.86 to 3.66 |
| Underlying diseases | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 29 | 13 | 0.196 | 1.64 | 0.77 to 3.48 |
| Chronic otitis media | 21 | 1 | 0.027 | 0.14 | 0.02 to 1.05 |
| End-stage renal diseases | 6 | 1 | 0.544 | 0.52 | 0.06 to 4.44 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 3 | 4 | 0.054 | 4.67 | 1.01 to 21.64 |
| Congenital heart diseases | 15 | 5 | 0.778 | 1.10 | 0.378 to 3.203 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 | 2 | 0.054 | 0.227 | 0.176 to 0.292 |
| Valve heart disease | 4 | 6 | 0.012 | 5.46 | 1.47 to 20.26 |
| Clinical features following brain abscess | |||||
| Fever/chills | 94 | 33 | 0.268 | 1.47 | 0.74 to 2.94 |
| Septic shock | 20 | 10 | 0.165 | 1.80 | 0.78 to 4.18 |
| Headache | 90 | 25 | 0.522 | 0.81 | 0.42 to 1.55 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 46 | 13 | 0.767 | 0.896 | 0.44 to 1.85 |
| Hemiparesis | 70 | 26 | 0.244 | 1.47 | 0.77 to 2.81 |
| Facial palsy | 11 | 2 | 0.737 | 0.577 | 0.12 to 2.70 |
| Sensory disturbance | 22 | 7 | 0.92 | 1.05 | 0.42 to 2.63 |
| Neck stiffness | 51 | 13 | 0.48 | 0.77 | 0.38 to 1.58 |
| Visual disturbance | 23 | 5 | 0.455 | 0.68 | 0.24 to 1.90 |
| Speech disturbance | 4 | 3 | 0.358 | 2.55 | 0.55 to 11.82 |
| Concomitant with bacterial meningitis | 57 | 19 | 0.681 | 1.15 | 0.59 to 2.23 |
| Outcome | |||||
| Median (IRQ) hospitalisation days | 42 (25.8–60.5) | 44.5 (31.0–76.3) | 0.211 | ||
| Median (IRQ) GOS at discharge | 4 (2.5–5) | 4 (1.3–5) | 0.310 | ||
GOS, Glasgow Outcome Scale; IQR, interquartile range; IVROBA, intraventricular rupture of brain abscess.