Clinic phenotype at the last evaluation | Sex/age at onset (years) | CASS total | QSART pattern | TST % anhidrosis | NE supine/upright | Levodopa response | MRI |
MSA-P | F/77 | 10 | Widespread | 99 | NA | Yes | Atrophy of pons and cerebellum |
MSA-P | M/63 | 7 | Distal | NA | 415/410 | No | Cerebellum and brainstem atrophy |
MSA-P | F/61 | 6 | Normal | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
MSA-P | F/58 | 10 | Widespread | 51 | 162/205 | NA | Cerebellar atrophy |
MSA-P | M/49 | 4 | Distal | NA | NA | No | Mild cerebellar atrophy |
MSA-P | M/42 | 9 | Widespread | 97 | NA | No | Hot cross bun sign in the pons; cerebellar atrophy |
MSA-P | F/57 | 9 | Widespread | 99 | NA | No | NA |
MSA-P | F/61 | 7 | Normal | 39 | NA | No | Normal |
MSA-P | M/52 | 9 | Widespread | NA | 150/201 | NA | NA |
MSA-P | M/? | 8 | Length dependent | NA | NA | No | NA |
MSA-P | F/52 | 7 | Focal | 62 | NA | No | NA |
MSA-P | M/57 | 8 | Distal | 93 | 373/408 | NA | Hyperdensity of caudate and mild atrophy of cortex and cerebellum |
MSA-P | M/45 | 8 | Normal | 99 | 70/97 | NA | NA |
MSA-P | M/52 | 3 | Normal | 9 | 126.5/208.3 | NA | Early penguin sign, relative atrophy of the midbrain compared with the pons |
MSA-P | F/72 | 8 | Patchy | 1 | 154/214.2 | No | NA |
MSA-P | F/57 | 6 | Patchy | 97 | 337.4/519.8 | Yes | Normal |
MSA-P | M/62 | 6 | Normal | 42 | NA | NA | NA |
MSA-P | M/? | 6 | Patchy | 91 | NA | NA | NA |
MSA-P | M/63 | 5 | Widespread | 67 | NA | No | Normal |
MSA-P | F/44 | 9 | Widespread | 36 | NA | NA | NA |
MSA-C | M/62 | 6 | Normal | NA | NA | No | Cerebral and cerebellar atrophy |
MSA-C | M/62 | 9 | Length dependent | NA | NA | NA | Mild cerebral atrophy and cerebellar atrophy |
MSA-C | F/51 | 10 | Widespread | 92 | 143/153 | NA | Cerebellar and pontine atrophy |
MSA-C | M/48 | 6 | Widespread | 35 | 105/171 | NA | Normal |
MSA-C | M/53 | 10 | Length dependent | 99 | NA | NA | NA |
MSA-C | F/51 | 8 | Patchy | 13 | NA | NA | Marked atrophy of the cerebellum and some pontine atrophy |
MSA-C | F/60 | 10 | Widespread | 98 | NA | NA | Cerebellopontine atrophy + hot cross bun sign |
MSA-C | M/? | 0 | Normal | NA | NA | NA | |
PAF | M/45 | 4 | Normal | 60 | NA | NA | NA |
CASS, Composite Autonomic Severity Score; MSA-C, multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar involvement; MSA-P, multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism; NA, not applicable (referred to investigation not performed or findings not available); NE, norepinephrine; PAF, pure autonomic failure; QSART, Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test; TST%, Thermoregulatory Sweat Test.