Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of chronic migraineurs by country
| Characteristic n (%), unless otherwise stated | USA (n=205) | Canada (n=50) | France (n=57) | UK (n=50) | Germany (n=81) | Australia (n=50) | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 44 (12) | 46 (11) | 44 (12) | 43 (13) | 38 (12) | 45 (10) | <0.01 |
| Female | 166 (81) | 39 (78) | 42 (74) | 39 (78) | 67 (83) | 39 (78) | 0.82 |
| Income > country-specific median | 83 (42) | 17 (40) | 17 (32) | 17 (37) | 20 (28) | 17 (39) | 0.38 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| Caucasian/white (includes Arab/Middle Eastern) | 178 (87) | 45 (90) | 52 (91) | 44 (88) | 53 (65) | 49 (98) | <0.01 |
| Black | 9 (4) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |
| Asian | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 (12) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Hispanic or Latino/Latin American | 7 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Other or prefer not to say | 8 (4) | 4 (8) | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 27 (33) | 1 (2) | |
| Residential population density | |||||||
| Urban | 41 (20) | 25 (50) | 21 (37) | 14 (28) | 45 (56) | 7 (14) | <0.01 |
| Suburban | 99 (48) | 17 (34) | 17 (30) | 24 (48) | 19 (23) | 30 (60) | |
| Rural | 65 (32) | 8 (16) | 19 (33) | 12 (24) | 19 (21) | 13 (26) | |
| Work status | |||||||
| Working full or part time | 78 (38) | 19 (38) | 21 (37) | 25 (50) | 45 (56) | 18 (36) | 0.12 |
| Unemployed (retired, disabled, seeking employment) | 93 (45) | 23 (46) | 24 (42) | 19 (38) | 24 (30) | 23 (46) | |
| Student | 3 (1) | 3 (6) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (4) | 3 (6) | |
| Homemaker | 30 (15) | 5 (10) | 9 (16) | 4 (8) | 9 (11) | 6 (12) | |
| Prefer not to say | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| BMI category | |||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 6 (3) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 5 (10) | 5 (6) | 2 (4) | 0.20 |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 62 (30) | 14 (28) | 25 (44) | 16 (32) | 23 (28) | 9 (18) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 55 (27) | 14 (28) | 12 (21) | 16 (32) | 24 (30) | 14 (28) | |
| Obese (>30.0) | 82 (40) | 21 (42) | 19 (33) | 13 (26) | 29 (36) | 25 (50) | |
| Number of comorbid conditions | |||||||
| 0 | 21 (10) | 3 (6) | 5 (9) | 7 (14) | 4 (5) | 3 (6) | 0.13 |
| 1 | 27 (13) | 2 (4) | 10 (18) | 4 (8) | 12 (15) | 3 (6) | |
| 2 | 30 (15) | 8 (16) | 3 (5) | 9 (18) | 13 (16) | 3 (6) | |
| >2 | 127 (62) | 37 (74) | 39 (68) | 30 (60) | 52 (64) | 41 (82) | |
| MIDAS grade | |||||||
| Grade I (little disability) | 10 (5) | 1 (2) | 5 (9) | 1 (2) | 4 (5) | 3 (6) | 0.38 |
| Grade II (mild disability) | 12 (6) | 2 (4) | 3 (5) | 2 (4) | 1 (1) | 4 (8) | |
| Grade III (moderate disability) | 10 (5) | 2 (4) | 6 (10) | 3 (6) | 3 (4) | 4 (8) | |
| Grade IVa (severe disability) | 33 (16) | 4 (8) | 11 (19) | 8 (16) | 11 (14) | 2 (4) | |
| Grade IVb (very severe disability) | 140 (68) | 41 (82) | 32 (56) | 36 (72) | 62 (77) | 37 (74) | |
*p Value for age from analysis of variance test (all others from χ2 tests).
BMI, Body Mass Index (kg/m2); MIDAS, Migraine Disability Assessment Score.