Prognostic factors (positive, negative or no effect) in studies of functional motor symptoms
| Author | Symptom | Positive | Negative | No effect* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| McKeon22 | Tremor | Early diagnosis | – | Initial diagnostic certainty |
| Jankovic14 | Tremor | Patient compliance with and confidence in a positive treatment outcome | precipitating event, psychiatric comorbidity | Duration, smoking, litigation, neurol/other comorbidity, family history, low social life perception, seeing other therapists, somatisation |
| Deuschl23 | Tremor | Young age | – | – |
| Ibrahim12 | Fixed dystonia | – | Complex Regional Pain Syndrome at baseline, higher Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) scale | Age, gender, duration, somatoform disorder at baseline |
| Munhoz25 | Mov dis | Early diagnosis | – | – |
| Thomas15 | Mov dis | Early diagnosis, younger age, confidence in positive outcome of treatment, strong physical health, positive perception of social life, anxiety | – | Gender, poor social life perception, history of abuse, litigation, dependence |
| Feinstein27 | Mov dis | Sudden onset | long duration prior to diagnosis; extent of psychiatric comorbidity | Age, marital status, education, employment, litigation, type of movement disorder |
| Williams32 | Mov dis | – | – | age, gender, education, chronicity, type of movement disorder |
| Factor21 | Mov dis | Early diagnosis | – | – |
| Stone19 | Weakness | Sensory symptoms better than weakness | Higher age at onset | Gender |
| Binzer34 | Weakness | high global functioning score (axis V) | High Beck Hopelessness Scale, axis III diagnosis, personality disorder, cluster C personality score (anxious or fearful personality disorders), low global index functioning score | Age, gender, degree of disability, educational status, axis I disorder, depression, illness behaviour, locus of control score, memories of childhood experience |
| Knutsson28 | Weakness | Early diagnosis, short hospital stay | – | – |
| Crimlisk20 | Motor | Early diagnosis, change in marital state, affective disorder or schizophrenia | Pending litigation, receiving benefits at admission | Age, gender, family history of chronic illness, history of somatisation, psychiatric treatment, social class |
| Mace 29 | Motor | Early diagnosis | Age, use of non-psychotropic medication, anxiety > depression, personality disorder, many GP/outpatient/hospital visits. | Alternative consultations, questionnaires of mood, illness behaviour |
| Couprie30 | Motor | Early diagnosis, improvement during initial hospital stay | – | Age, preceding life event |
| Ljungberg35 | Motor | – | Personality disorder | Age, gender, IQ |
Symptom ‘Mixed mov dis’; more than one type of movement disorder; ‘mixed motor’; mixture of hyperkinetic and movement disorder and weakness/paralysis.
*Includes factors which did not reach statistical significance.