Characteristics of the included cohorts
| Overall (n=63) | Neurosurgery (n=49) | Stereotactic radiosurgery (n=14) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study characteristics | Cohorts (%)a | Patients | Median (range) | Cohorts (%)a | Patients | Median (range) | Cohorts (%)a | Patients | Median (range) |
| Patients treated | 63 (100) | 3424 | 39 (11b–260) | 49 (100) | 2684 | 39 (20–260) | 14 (100) | 740 | 36 (11b–125) |
| Duration of follow-up, y | 63 (100) | 3424 | 2.3 (0.1–8.1) | 49 (100) | 2684 | 1.4 (0.1–8.1) | 14 (100) | 740 | 4.1 (0.8–6.5) |
| Mid-year, y | 59 (94) | 3228 | 1996 (1983–2009) | 46 (94) | 2572 | 1997 (1983–2009) | 13 (93) | 656 | 1996 (1990–2001) |
| Age, y | 51 (81) | 2916 | 36 (8–52) | 39 (80) | 2323 | 35 (8–52) | 12 (86) | 593 | 37 (24–41) |
| Female, % | 52 (83) | 2808 | 50 (29–68) | 40 (82) | 2215 | 50 (29–68) | 12 (86) | 593 | 47 (35–62) |
| Multiple CCMs, % | 39 (62) | 2358 | 10 (0–25) | 31 (63) | 1814 | 9 (0–25)* | 8 (57) | 544 | 15 (10–20)* |
| Children, % | 17 (27) | 836 | 0 (0–100) | 15 (31) | 814 | 0 (0–100) | 2 (14) | 22 | 18 (0–36) |
| Size, mm | 23 (37) | 1506 | 18 (12–27) | 18 (37) | 1259 | 19 (15–27)* | 5 (36) | 247 | 14 (12–20)* |
| CCM associated with DVA, % | 19 (30) | 960 | 8 (0–35) | 14 (29) | 744 | 11 (0–35) | 5 (36) | 216 | 5 (2–27) |
| CCM location | |||||||||
| Total supratentorial, % | 57 (91) | 3095 | 73 (0–100) | 45 (92) | 2489 | 83 (0–100)* | 12 (86) | 606 | 39 (0–86)* |
| Lobar, % | 53 (84) | 2838 | 60 (0–100) | 42 (86) | 2252 | 75 (0–100)* | 11 (79) | 586 | 18 (0–64)* |
| Basal ganglia and thalamus, % | 53 (84) | 2838 | 3 (0–42) | 42 (86) | 2252 | 0 (0–42)** | 11 (79) | 586 | 18 (0–33)** |
| Total infratentorial, % | 57 (91) | 3095 | 24 (0–100) | 45 (92) | 2489 | 16 (0–100)* | 12 (86) | 606 | 61 (12–100)* |
| Brainstem, % | 56 (89) | 3057 | 15 (0–100) | 44 (90) | 2451 | 7 (0–100)* | 12 (86) | 606 | 46 (2–100)* |
| Cerebellum, % | 56 (89) | 3057 | 0 (0–32) | 44 (90) | 2451 | 0 (0–32) | 12 (86) | 606 | 5 (0–18) |
| Presented with ICH, % | 44 (70) | 2377 | 71 (0–100) | 32 (65) | 1825 | 47 (0–100) | 12 (86) | 552 | 90 (26–100) |
| Presented asymptomatic, % | 50 (79) | 2813 | 0 (0–23) | 37 (76) | 2165 | 0 (0–23) | 13 (93) | 648 | 0 (0–11) |
aThe percentage is the number of cohorts reporting on a specific study characteristic divided by the total number of cohorts.
b One cohort of 22 patients treated using stereotactic radiosurgery was separated in 11 patients treated using gamma knife radiosurgery and 11 patients treated using linear accelerator. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01, indicating significant differences in the median proportion of this study characteristic between cohorts describing neurosurgical treatment and cohorts describing treatment by stereotactic radiosurgery.
CCM, cerebral cavernous malformation; DVA, developmental venous anomaly; ICH, intracranial haemorrhage.