Mean (SD) demographics and cognitive performance for patients and controls
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | Controls | Patients |
|---|---|---|
| N | 17 | 18 |
| Age (SD, median, range) | 39.7 (11.1, 40.0, 29–60) | 43.5 (8.5, 44.0, 31–57) |
| Gender (M:F) | 11:6 | 12:6 |
| EDSS (median (range)) | – | 3.25 (1.0–6.5) |
| Premorbid IQ | 108.6 (11.7) | 105.2 (13.4) |
| Current IQ | 112.6 (16.8) | 110.4 (12.9) |
| Anxiety | 5.3 (2.8) | 5.4 (3.9) |
| Depression | 2.7 (3.5) | 3.9 (3.2) |
| Paired associate learning | ||
| Trials at first attempt, z-score | 0.2 (1.3) | −0.7 (1.1)* |
| Total trials, z-score | 0.2 (1.0) | −0.8 (0.9)** |
| List learning | ||
| Learning (total words) | 57.7 (9.0) | 47.2 (9.3)** |
| Recall after distraction (words recalled) | 12.2 (2.2) | 9.2 (3.1)** |
| 30 min delayed recall (words recalled) | 11.8 (2.4) | 9.7 (3.2)* |
| Digit span (total score) | 18.4 (3.1) | 16.6 (3.3) |
| Stroop (seconds to complete) | 101.7 (12.3) | 150.5 (49.2)** |
| SDMT, z-score | 0.9 (0.8) | −0.9 (1.2)*** |
Asterisks indicate significantly different results between patients and controls using independent samples t tests (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001).
EDSS, expanded disability status scale; SDMT, symbol-digit modalities test.