Binary logistic regression including clinical and MRI parameters, with presence/absence of EDSS progression after 24 months as the dependent variable
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI | p Value | OR | CI | p Value | |
| Clinical parameters | ||||||
| Centre (A vs B)* | 0.54 | 0.32 to 0.91 | 0.02 | 0.41 | 0.20 to 0.82 | 0.01 |
| Gender* (male vs female) | 1.19 | 0.69 to 2.06 | 0.53 | – | – | – |
| MS subtype (RR=1; PP and SP=0)* | 0.34 | 0.19 to 0.60 | <0.001 | 0.22 | 0.09 to 0.57 | <0.001 |
| Age* | 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.04 | 0.36 | – | – | – |
| Disease duration* | 1.02 | 0.99 to 1.05 | 0.29 | – | – | – |
| Use of DMT* | 1.11 | 0.65 to 1.88 | 0.71 | – | – | – |
| EDSS baseline | 1.17 | 0.99 to 1.37 | 0.07 | 0.77 | 0.57 to 1.03 | 0.08 |
| MRI parameters | ||||||
| NGMV baseline* | 0.995 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.03 | – | – | – |
| NWMV baseline | 0.997 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.32 | |||
| NBV baseline | 0.996 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.03 | |||
| T2LV baseline† * | 1.19 | 0.98 to 1.44 | 0.08 | – | – | – |
| T1LV baseline† | 1.12 | 0.97 to 1.28 | 0.12 | |||
| Presence of Gd+ brain lesions at baseline | 0.73 | 0.35 to 1.54 | 0.41 | 0.26 | 0.08 to 0.82 | 0.023 |
| Number of SC segments† * | 2.11 | 1.41 to 3.16 | <0.001 | 2.89 | 1.73 to 4.82 | <0.001 |
| Number of SC lesions† | 1.95 | 1.33 to 2.85 | 0.001 | |||
| UCCA baseline* | 0.96 | 0.94 to 0.99 | 0.007 | 0.96 | 0.93 to 1.00 | 0.03 |
| Diffuse SC abnormalities baseline* (0=absent; 1=present) | 1.49 | 0.70 to 3.17 | 0.30 | – | – | – |
| Δ T2 LV (0–24mo)† | 1.04 | 0.43 to 2.48 | 0.93 | |||
| aPBVC (0–24mo)* | 0.69 | 0.43 to 1.10 | 0.12 | 0.59 | 0.34 to 1.04 | 0.07 |
| Δ T1 LV (0–24mo)† * | 3.34 | 0.71 to 15.84 | 0.13 | 11.45 | 1.38 to 95.01 | 0.02 |
| aUCCA (0–24mo)* | 0.89 | 0.80 to 1.00 | 0.04 | – | – | – |
Models were statistically adjusted for centre. The model accounts for 238 patients (68%) with all parameters available. Nagelkerke R2 of the model was 0.297.
*Independent variables that were initially entered in the multivariate model.
†Data were obtained with natural log transformation.
aPBVC, annualised percentage brain volume change; aUCCA: annualised upper cervical cord area change; Centre A, Amsterdam; Centre B, Basel; CI: confidence interval; DMT, disease modifying therapy; EDSS, expanded disability status scale; Gd+: gadolinium enhancing; MS, multiple sclerosis; NBV: brain volume normalised for head size; NGMV, normalised grey matter volume; NWMV: normalised white matter volume; OR: odds ratio; PPMS primary progressive MS; RRMS, relapsing remitting MS; SC: spinal cord; SPMS, secondary progressive MS; T1LV: volume of T1 hypointense brain lesion; T2LV: volume of T2 brain lesion; UCCA: mean upper cervical cord cross-sectional area.