Demographics of the participants. Values are mean (SDs) unless otherwise stated
| Controls | All MS | RR | SP | PP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 43 | 105 | 61 | 26 | 18 |
| Age (mean [SD]) | 41.9 (13.1) | 45.9 (10.4) | 42.0 (9.6) | 52.3 (8.0)** | 50.2 (10.4)* |
| Gender (female:male) | 25:18 | 67:38 | 40:21 | 16:10 | 11:7 |
| Duration of MS from first clinical event (mean) | – | 14.9 (9.6) | 12.1 (8.2) | 23.7 (9.0) | 11.7 (7.0) |
| EDSS (median [range]) | – | 5 (0–8.5) | 2 (0–7.5) | 6.5 (4.5–8.5) | 6 (1.5–6.5) |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 (comparisons are for the whole MS group against healthy controls or MS clinical subgroups against healthy controls).
EDSS, expanded disease severity scale; MS, multiple sclerosis; PP, primary progressive; RR, relapsing-remitting.