Demographics, clinical characteristics and apraxia scores
| AD* | bvFTD* | HC* | AD vs HC† | bvFTD vs HC† | bvFTD vs AD† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||||||
| Age (years) | 69.8 | (10.5) | 66.6 | (8.1) | 63.7 | (9.4) | 6.15 | 2.95 | −3.20 |
| Education (years) | 11.0 | (1.8) | 11.4 | (1.9) | 11.9 | (1.9) | −0.90 | −0.50 | 0.40 |
| Females/N | 13/20 | 4/20 | 8/20 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Disease severity scores | |||||||||
| MMSE score | 22.4 | (2.2) | 25.4 | (3.5) | 29.0 | (1.0) | −6.60‡ | −3.65‡ | 2.95‡ |
| Disease duration (months)§ | 19.1 | (8.9) | 33.3 | (21.3) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 14.21‡ | |
| FBI score§ | 11.1 | (6.2) | 34.4 | (12.3) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 23.31‡ | |
| Apraxia composite scores | |||||||||
| CAS score total (maximum 80) | 62.8 | (11.8) | 66.5 | (5.4) | 76.9 | (2.2) | −14.10 | −10.40 | 3.70 |
| IAT score total (maximum 30) | 15.5 | (7.6) | 18.6 | (5.6) | 24.4 | (2.9) | −8.90 | −5.75 | 3.15 |
| MI score total (maximum 24) | 16.0 | (5.0) | 18.4 | (2.9) | 21.9 | (1.8) | −5.90 | −3.50 | 2.40 |
| Apraxia subdomain scores (% correct gestures) | |||||||||
| Imitation (all) | 63.1 | (20.2) | 71.0 | (11.9) | 88.8 | (5.4) | −25.70 | −17.73 | 7.97 |
| Pantomime (all) | 83.1 | (14.2) | 88.1 | (7.2) | 97.3 | (2.9) | −14.17 | −9.17 | 5.00 |
| Pantomime of object use | 81.4 | (16.1) | 88.6 | (7.2) | 97.5 | (3.2) | −16.13 | −8.88 | 7.25 |
| Pantomime of emblems | 91.9 | (10.2) | 85.6 | (17.8) | 96.3 | (8.2) | −4.38 | −10.63‡ | −6.25 |
| Imitation (hand and fingers) | 55.5 | (25.0) | 71.7 | (13.8) | 86.7 | (7.1) | −31.21 | −15.08 | 16.14‡ |
| Imitation (face) | 88.0 | (15.1) | 69.0 | (20.2) | 95.5 | (8.3) | −7.50 | −26.50 | −19.00 |
bold indicate significant differences at p<0.0056 (Bonferroni correction for number of apraxia variables).
*Reported values in this column are means and SD (in parentheses).
†Reported values in this column are mean difference scores.
‡significant group differences at p<0.05.
§Data available from 18/20 patients with bvFTD and 15/20 patients with AD.
AD, Alzheimer's dementia; bvFTD, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia; CAS, Cologne Apraxia Screening; FBI, Frontal Behavioural Inventory; HC, healthy controls; IAT, Ideomotor Apraxia Test; MI, Münster apraxia items; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; N/A, not applicable.