Clinical factors for the patients based on clinical consensus diagnoses separated into the four major diagnostic categories
| Factors | LA n=13 | MI n=9 | MX n=5 | BD n=25 | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age† | 67 (15) | 54 (13) | 78 (7) | 66 (9) | 0.004 |
| Hypertension‡ | 4 (31%) | 7 (78%) | 4 (80%) | 13 (52%) | 0.099 |
| Diabetes mellitus‡ | 1 (8%) | 3 (33%) | 2 (40%) | 6 (24%) | 0.379 |
| Hyper-reflexia‡ | 6 (46%) | 9 (100%) | 4 (80%) | 17 (68%) | 0.057 |
| Imbalance‡ | 5 (38%) | 6 (67%) | 4 (80%) | 20 (80%) | 0.068 |
| Executive† | 46.23 (7.17) | 45.62 (10.53) | 42.20 (3.96) | 40.96 (7.60) | 0.207 |
| N-acetylaspartate† | 12.64 (1.08) | 12.25 (1.48) | 10.74 (1.09) | 10.31 (1.58) | <0.001 |
| Albumin index† | 4.29 (1.76) | 7.43 (1.90) | 6.55 (4.56) | 7.71 (2.15) | 0.010 |
| BBB permeability Ki† | 0.0019 (0.0011) | 0.0017 (0.0007) | 0.0016 (0.0009) | 0.0034 (0.0051) | 0.501 |
| MMP-2 CSF† | 3.37 (3.02) | 3.73 (2.95) | 5.15 (7.21) | 3.31 (3.83) | 0.833 |
| MMP-2 blood† | 54.89 (31.16) | 57.30 (27.79) | 50.20 (34.07) | 54.24 (32.78) | 0.985 |
| Aβ42† | 220 (107) | 329 (65) | 115 (44) | 228 (113) | 0.009 |
| P-τ181† | 33.43 (19.54) | 32.29 (11.94) | 51.00 (65.2) | 31.33 (12.58) | 0.486 |
*p Values from χ2 values for categorical variables, ANOVA for continuous variables.
†Means (SD).
‡Count (percentage within category).
Aβ42, amyloid-β1–42; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BBB, blood-brain barrier; BD, Binswanger disease; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LA, leucoaraiosis; MI, multiple infarcts; MMP, matrix metalloproteinases; MX, mixed dementia; P-τ181, phosphorylated-τ181.