Diagnostic characteristics of stroke scores in non-comatose patients (N=640)
| Score | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | LR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recognition scores | |||||
| CPSS | 83 (76 to 88) | 69 (64 to 73) | 50 (44 to 56) | 91 (88 to 94) | 2.66 |
| FAST | 85 (78 to 90) | 68 (63 to 72) | 50 (44 to 55) | 92 (89 to 95) | 2.60 |
| LAPSS 1998 | 44 (36 to 52) | 98 (96 to 99) | 87 (78 to 93) | 82 (79 to 86) | 18.02 |
| LAPSS 2000 | 49 (41 to 57) | 97 (95 to 99) | 87 (79 to 93) | 84 (80 to 87) | 18.30 |
| MASS | 63 (55 to 70) | 94 (91 to 96) | 79 (81 to 86) | 87 (84 to 90) | 10.04 |
| Med PACS | 71 (64 to 78) | 92 (89 to 94) | 76 (69 to 83) | 90 (86 to 92) | 8.69 |
| ROSIER | 80 (73 to 85) | 79 (75 to 83) | 59 (53 to 66) | 91 (88 to 94) | 3.85 |
| Severity scores | |||||
| KPSS | 83 (77 to 88) | 60 (55 to 64) | 40 (38 to 49) | 90 (86 to 93) | 2.07 |
| LAMS | 67 (60 to 74) | 81 (77 to 85) | 58 (50 to 64) | 87 (83 to 90) | 3.60 |
| NIHSS | 90 (85 to 94) | 45 (41 to 50) | 38 (34 to 43) | 93 (88 to 96) | 1.65 |
| sNIHSS-8 | 86 (80 to 91) | 67 (63 to 72) | 50 (44 to 56) | 93 (90 to 95) | 2.64 |
| sNIHSS-5 | 83 (76 to 88) | 69 (64 to 73) | 50 (44 to 56) | 91 (88 to 94) | 2.66 |
The LAPSS (1998 and 2000), MASS and Med PACS were calculated in a cohort of 618 patients due to missing documentation of blood glucose levels in 22 patients. The ROSIER score was calculated in a cohort of 612 patients because of missing blood glucose levels or because levels were below the threshold of 63 mg/dL. Corresponding cross-tabulations are found as online supplementary table ST4A. Data are expressed as percentage (95% CI).
CPSS, Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale; FAST, Face Arm Speech Test; KPSS, Kurashiki Prehospital Stroke Scale; LAMS, Los Angeles Motor Scale; LAPSS, Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen; LR, likelihood ratio; MASS, Melbourne Ambulance Stroke Screen; Med PACS, Medic Prehospital Assessment for Code Stroke; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; ROSIER, Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room score; sNIHSS-8, shortened National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale with 8, resp. 5 items.