Table 1

General characteristics of patients with CIS and healthy individuals included in the study

VariableFC (n=100) (n (%) or median (IQR))NC (n=98) (n (%) or median (IQR))HC (n=92) (n (%) or median (IQR))
Age (years)30.6 (25.1–37.9)31.6 (27.4–37.8)35.0 (29.0–45.0)
Sex (F)67 (67)61 (62.2)58 (63.0)
OCB (positive)87 (87)60 (61.2)
T2 lesion count
 (0–1)5 (5)21 (21.4)
 (2–9)38 (38)52 (53.1)
 (>9)57 (57)25 (25.5)
Gd+ lesions (positive)46 (58.2)25 (37.3)
EDSS2.0 (1.5–3.0)1.5 (1.0–2.0)
EDSS
 0–1.019 (21.3)31 (38.3)
 1.5–2.034 (38.2)39 (48.1)
 >2.036 (40.4)11 (13.6)
NfL (pg/mL)24.1 (13.5–51.8)19.3 (13.6–35.2)7.9 (5.6–17.2)
  • Two NC patients had insufficient sample volume and were therefore excluded.

  • CDMS, clinically definite multiple sclerosis; CIS, clinically isolated syndrome; EDSS, expanded disability status scale; FC, fast converters to CDMS; Gd+, gadolinium-enhancing MRI lesions; HC, healthy controls; NC, non-converters to CDMS; NfL, neurofilament light chain in serum; OCB, oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid; T2, T2 hyperintense MRI lesions.