Subgroup analyses for the primary efficacy outcome of modified Rankin Scale 0–2 at 3 months
| Subgroups | Number of studies | Number of participants | RR (95% CI) | Between-study heterogeneity | Between-subgroup heterogeneity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cochrane's Q statistic | p Value | I2 statistic, % | Cochrane's Q statistic | p Value | I2 statistic, % | ||||
| Predominant ethnicity | 1.04 | 0.31 | 3.9 | ||||||
| Caucasian | 12 | 1501 | 1.80 (1.56 to 2.07) | 11.09 | 0.44 | 1 | |||
| Asian | 7 | 503 | 2.49 (1.35 to 4.58) | 23.59 | <0.001 | 75 | |||
| Mean (or median) age | 1.68 | 0.19 | 40.6 | ||||||
| ≤65 years | 9 | 818 | 2.39 (1.56 to 3.64) | 19.61 | 0.01 | 59 | |||
| >65 years | 10 | 1186 | 1.76 (1.49 to 2.10) | 11.93 | 0.22 | 25 | |||
| Sex | 2.37 | 0.12 | 57.7 | ||||||
| Male ≤50% | 5 | 629 | 2.49 (1.72 to 3.61) | 9.88 | 0.04 | 60 | |||
| Male >50% | 13 | 1215 | 1.77 (1.41 to 2.22) | 18.64 | 0.10 | 36 | |||
| Median (or mean) baseline NIHSS | 0.99 | 0.32 | 0 | ||||||
| ≤5 | 8 | 868 | 2.18 (1.54 to 3.08) | 16.15 | 0.02 | 57 | |||
| >15 | 10 | 1108 | 1.78 (1.46 to 2.17) | 13.19 | 0.15 | 32 | |||
| Mode of endovascular treatment | 18.00 | <0.001 | 88.9 | ||||||
| IA thrombolysis | 3 | 158 | 4.45 (2.76 to 7.18) | 0.84 | 0.66 | 0 | |||
| Mechanical therapies | 2 | 136 | 3.23 (1.46 to 7.16) | 1.10 | 0.29 | 9 | |||
| IA thrombolysis+mechanical therapies | 14 | 1710 | 1.64 (1.44 to 1.86) | 11.38 | 0.58 | 0 | |||
| Imaging methods for collateral grading | 11.14 | 0.01 | 73.1 | ||||||
| ASITN/SIR collateral grading by DSA | 8 | 1017 | 1.68 (1.44 to 1.96) | 7.22 | 0.41 | 3 | |||
| Other grading methods by DSA | 6 | 668 | 2.26 (1.38 to 3.69) | 11.04 | 0.05 | 55 | |||
| CT angiography | 4 | 244 | 2.31 (1.07 to 4.96) | 6.65 | 0.08 | 55 | |||
| Perfusion CT | 1 | 75 | 4.67 (2.52 to 8.64) | Not applicable | |||||
| Anterior or posterior circulation stroke | 2.15 | 0.34 | 7 | ||||||
| Anterior circulation stroke only | 14 | 1104 | 2.24 (1.70 to 2.94) | 28.38 | 0.008 | 54 | |||
| Posterior circulation stroke only | 1 | 124 | 1.62 (1.03 to 2.55) | Not applicable | |||||
| Anterior and posterior circulation strokes | 4 | 776 | 1.74 (1.29 to 2.36) | 5.36 | 0.15 | 44 | |||
| Intracranial or extracranial arterial occlusion | 2.66 | 0.10 | 62.4 | ||||||
| Intracranial only | 9 | 738 | 2.48 (1.69 to 3.63) | 19.56 | 0.01 | 59 | |||
| Extracranial only | 0 | 0 | Not applicable | Not applicable | |||||
| Both or tandem lesions | 10 | 1266 | 1.74 (1.44 to 2.10) | 12.24 | 0.20 | 26 | |||
ASITN/SIR, the American Society of Intervention and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology; DSA, digital subtraction angiography; IA, intra-arterial; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; RR, risk ratio.