Table 2

Frequency of behavioural and neuropsychiatric features in bvFTD and ALS-FTD

	bvFTD		ALS-FTD		χ²	p Value
	% present	n	% present	n
Behavioural features
Socially inappropriate behaviour	63	176	36	54	14.25	<0.001***
Loss of decorum	83	180	50	54	26.05	<0.001***
Impulsivity	40	174	21	52	6.08	0.015*
Apathy	86	182	71	51	2.55	0.120
Inertia	40	181	7	54	21.02	<0.001***
Economy of effort	60	183	39	55	7.32	0.008**
Emotional changes
Reduced concern for others	52	160	32	48	7.55	0.008**
Diminished social interest	67	167	54	50	4.95	0.031*
Bland affect	68	171	61	54	2.03	0.172
Reduced interpersonal warmth	74	160	31	51	19.19	<0.001***
Emotional lability	5	184	29	53	27.91	<0.001***
Insight
Reduced emotional insight†	87	172	88	53	0.67	0.304
Reduced cognitive insight	82	172	75	53	2.84	0.111
Unconcern for illness†	89	175	86	53	0.62	0.538
Stereotypies
Simple repetitive behaviours	38	182	29	55	1.60	0.263
Complex repetitive behaviours	72	134	38	54	23.48	<0.001***
Verbal stereotypies	57	183	39	53	4.46	0.042*
Clock-watching	35	183	32	55	0.09	0.872
Eating behaviour
Food fads	62	173	38	48	8.20	0.004**
Sweet food preference	53	172	23	48	13.42	<0.001***
Gluttony	47	173	18	48	13.24	<0.001***
Oral exploration of inedible objects†	0.5	174	0	56	0.28	1.00
Neuropsychiatric features
Hallucinations	10	111	14	39	0.26	0.797
Delusions	15	115	14	39	0.24	0.669
Obsessions/pathological preoccupations	37	142	32	46	1.07	0.313
Bizarre/irrational beliefs or behaviour	12	120	13	38	0.00	1.00
Somatic symptoms	10	183	9	55	0.27	1.00
Depression	8	168	20	51	6.78	0.013*

*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
†Fisher’s exact statistic used as expected cell counts below 5.
ALS-FTD, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; bvFTD, behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.