Adjusted HRs of infection-related physician claims by multiple sclerosis disease-modifying treatment (DMT)
| Model | DMT exposure status | Infection-related physician claims | PY | Crude rate per 1000 PY (95% CI) | aHR (95% CI) |
| Unexposed | 33 949 | 50 312.0 | 674.8 (667.6 to 682.0) | reference | |
| 1 | Any DMT | 3823 | 6065.7 | 630.3 (610.4 to 650.6) | 0.97 (0.91 to 1.04) |
| 2 | Any first-generation DMT | 3624 | 5841.6 | 620.4 (600.3 to 640.9) | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.02) |
| 2 | Any second-generation DMT | 199 | 224.0 | 888.4 (769.2 to 1020.8) | 1.47 (1.16 to 1.85) |
| 3 | Beta-interferon | 2722 | 4478.7 | 607.8 (585.2 to 631.0) | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.00) |
| 3 | Glatiramer acetate | 902 | 1363.0 | 661.8 (619.3 to 706.4) | 1.04 (0.91 to 1.18) |
| 3 | Natalizumab | 153 | 157.9 | 969.0 (821.5 to 1135.3) | 1.59 (1.19 to 2.11) |
| 3 | Oral DMTs* | 46 | 66.2 | 694.9 (508.7 to 926.9) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.56) |
| Any first-generation DMT | 3624 | 5841.6 | 620.4 (600.3 to 640.9) | reference | |
| 2 | Any second-generation DMT | 199 | 224.0 | 888.4 (769.2 to 1020.8) | 1.53 (1.21 to 1.95) |
Models were adjusted for sex, age (continuous), index year (continuous), SES (quintiles) and number of comorbidities (none, 1 and ≥2).
*Oral DMTs were fingolimod or dimethyl fumarate.
aHR, adjusted HR; PY, person-years; SES, socioeconomic status.