Demographic, clinical, MRI, and network metrics
| HC (n=51) | Patients with MS (n=122) | RRMS (n=58) | PPMS (n=28) | SPMS (n=36) | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 41±13 | 48±11 | 42±10 | 52±9 | 53±7 |
| Gender (M/F) | 25/26 | 36/86 | 18/40 | 10/18 | 8/28 |
| Disease duration, years | – | 15±10 | 11±8 | 14±7 | 22±10 |
| % (n) patients of DMTs | – | 58 (67) | 84 (48) | 13 (3) | 47 (16) |
| % (n) patients who relapsed in the previous 2 years | – | 51 (38) | 68 (32) | 0 (0) | 24 (6) |
| Clinical scores | |||||
| EDSS, median | – | 5.5 (0–8.5) | 2 (0–7) | 6 (3–8) | 6.5 (4–8.5) |
| SDMT | 65.08±8.31 | 45.50±13.27 | 51.04±14.28 | 42.86±9.46 | 39.00±10.88 |
| MRI metrics | |||||
| NABV (cm3 ) | 1158±102 | 1042±120 | 1070±123 | 1060±122 | 984±93 |
| GM (cm3) | 679±57 | 625±65 | 641±64 | 632±67 | 593±52 |
| CGM (cm3) | 640±54 | 591±61 | 606±61 | 597±65 | 561±50 |
| DGM (cm3) | 39.00±3.39 | 34.18±4.02 | 34.86±4.09 | 35.41±3.50 | 32.12±3.54 |
| NAWM (cm3) | 480±49 | 418±59 | 429±62 | 429±60 | 391±45 |
| LL (mL) | – | 14.37±15.92 | 12.78±15.72 | 16.56±19.83 | 15.23±12.73 |
| Network metrics | |||||
| Edge density, (%) | 92.6±2.7 | 90.6±3.2 | 90.8±3.3 | 90.5±3.0 | 90.3±3.0 |
| Global efficiency | 3881±121 | 3783±175 | 3827±137 | 3763±196 | 3729±199 |
| Mean local efficiency | 3975±139 | 3889±200 | 3934±160 | 3868±220 | 3831±229 |
| Mean clustering coefficient | 247±9.2 | 223±18.3 | 227±17.2 | 224±20.5 | 217±16.8 |
CGM, cortical grey matter; DGM, deep grey matter; DMT, disease-modifying treatment; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; GM, grey matter; HC, healthy controls; LL, lesion load; MS, multiple sclerosis; NABV, normal-appearing brain volume; NAWM, normal-appearing white matter; PPMS, primary progressive MS; RRMS, relapsing remitting MS; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SPMS, secondary progressive MS.