Predictors of poor cognitive performance at 3-year follow-up
| MoCA | ACE-R | |||
| β | SE | β | SE | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age at onset | −0.306* | 0.035 | 0.98† | 0.006 |
| Sex (male) | −0.191‡ | 0.704 | 0.963 | 0.118 |
| Further education (no) | 0.071 | 0.758 | 0.834 | 0.133 |
| Premorbid IQ | 0.344* | 0.049 | 1.023‡ | 0.010 |
| MoCA/ACE-R 1 year | 0.368† | 0.113 | 1.054† | 0.011 |
| Adult SES | ||||
| Middle | −0.140 | 0.851 | 1.006 | 0.147 |
| Low | −0.105 | 0.922 | 1.019 | 0.161 |
| Stroke characteristics | ||||
| Stroke subtype (lacunar) | −0.054 | 0.677 | 1.065 | 0.120 |
| Stroke severity—worst (NIHSS) | 0.018 | 0.238 | 0.968 | 0.042 |
| Recurrent stroke (yes) | −0.122 | 0.762 | 0.912 | 0.134 |
| Vascular factors | ||||
| Diabetes | 0.056 | 0.856 | 1.028 | 0.146 |
| Hypertension | 0.328* | 1.183 | 1.166 | 0.200 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.098 | 0.814 | 0.967 | 0.140 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.110 | 0.779 | 1.020 | 0.137 |
| Lifestyle factors | ||||
| Smoker | ||||
| Previous | −0.004 | 1.122 | 1.118 | 0.198 |
| Current | −1.645 | 0.735 | 1.074 | 0.125 |
| Alcohol (yes) | 0.196 | 1.108 | 0.999 | 0.185 |
| Overall model fit (R2 adjusted) | 0.490 | 0.597 | ||
Multivariate analysis controlling for all variables included in the table.
*p<0.01.
†p<0.001.
‡p<0.05.
ACE-R, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination–Revised; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SES, socioeconomic status.