Table 1

Study characteristics

Study	Country	Study design	Powered	Comparator	Sample size (n)	Study attrition (%)	Outcome measures (others)	Data collection
Mills and& Allen et al 31	Wales (UK)	RCT	No	TAU	n=24	33%	POMS, Standing balance, Symptom rating questionnaire	Baseline, post, 3 months follow-up
Grossman et al 30	Switzerland	RCT	Yes	TAU	n=150	5%	CES-D, STAI, MFIS, HAQUAMS, PQOLC, (Neuropsychology assessment, goal attainment)	Baseline, post, 6 months follow-up
Bogosian et al 28	England (UK)	RCT	No	TAU	n=40	5%	GHQ, HADS, MSIS, FSS	Baseline, post, 3 months follow-up
Kolahkaj and Zargar29	Iran	RCT	Yes	TAU	n=48	17%	DASS-21	Baseline, post, 2 months follow-up
Amiri et al 25	Iran	RCT	No	Unclear	n=40	0%	STAI, BDI-2, WCST	Baseline, post
Mahdavi et al 26	Iran	RCT	No	Unclear	n=24	0%	BAI, BDI-2, FSS, MWQ, TFI	Baseline, post
Nejati et al 27	Iran	RCT	Unclear	Unclear	n=24	0%	MSQOL-54, FSS	Baseline, post
Bahrani et al 23	Iran	RCT	Yes	TAU	n=56	16%	DASS-21	Baseline, post
Simpson et al 22	Scotland (UK)	RCT	No	TAU	n=50	12%	PSS, EQ5D5L, MSQLI, MAAS, SCS-sf, ELQ	Baseline, post, 3 months follow-up
Carletto et al 24	Italy	RCT	Yes	Psycho-education intervention	n=90	21%	BDI-2, BAI, PSS, BIPQ, FAMS	Baseline, post-BAM, 6 months post-BAM
Cavalera et al 32	Italy	RCT	Yes	Psycho-education intervention	n=139	39%	MSQOL-54, HADS, MOSS, MFIS,	Baseline, post-, 6 months post MBI
Senders et al 21	USA	RCT	Yes	Educational control, matched for time and attention	n=62	16%	PSS, PROMIS, CD-RISC, PASAT	Baseline, mid-intervention, immediately post-, 4, 8 and 12 months post-MBI

BAI, Beck anxiety inventory; BAM, body-affective mindfulness; BDI-2, Beck depression inventory-2; BIPQ, Brief illness perception questionnaire; CD-RISC, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale; CES-D, Center for epidemiological studies depression scale; DASS-21, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21; ELQ, Emotional lability questionnaire; EQ-5D-5L, EuroQol; FAMS, Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis; FSS, Fatigue severity scale; GHQ, General health questionnaire; HADS, Hospital anxiety and depression scale; HAQUAMS, Hamburg quality of life questionnaire in multiple sclerosis (German); MAAS, Mindful attention awareness scale; MFIS, Modified fatigue impact scale; MOSS, Medical Outcomes Sleep Scale; MSIS, Multiple sclerosis impact scale; MSQLI, Multiple sclerosis quality of life inventory; MSQOL-54, Multiple sclerosis quality of life – 54; MWQ, Meta worry questionnaire; PASAT, Paced Auditory Serial Attention Task; POMS, Profile of mood states; PQOLC, Profile of health related quality of life in chronic disorders (German); PROMIS, Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System; PSS, Perceived stress scale; RCT, Randomised controlled trial; SCS-sf, Self-compassion scale-short form; STAI, Spielberger trait anxiety inventory; TAU, Treatment as usual; TFI, Thought fusion inventory; WCST, Wisconsin card sorting test.