Demographics of study participants and baseline NFL
| MS patients TREMEND DMF (±SD) | MS patients ADVANCE placebo (±SD) | Healthy controls (±SD) | P value | |
| Age (years) | 34.1 (±8.7) | 33.5 (±6.5) | 38.2 (±11.2) | ns |
| Female/male (%) | 86.6% | 90% | 89.2% | ns |
| Baseline CSF NFL (pg/mL) | 2368 (±1947) | N/A | 416.8 (±191.2) | P<0.0001 |
| Baseline plasma NFL | 16.4 (±14.4) | 17.5 (±14.0) | 7.3 (±3.0) | P<0.0001 |
TREMEND (Tecfidera in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Endothelial Dysfunction) (n=52) and ADVANCE (Pegylated interferon β−1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) (n=48)18; mean±SD is shown. P values represent difference between healthy controls (n=23) versus patients in the ADVANCE and TREMEND trial, respectively. There was no significant difference between the ADVANCE and TREMEND trial.
CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; DMF, dimethyl fumarate; MS, multiple sclerosis; N/A, not available; NFL, neurofilament light; ns, not significant.