Baseline characteristics
| All | Lobar ICH | Non-lobar ICH | |
| n | 1094 | 447 | 580 |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 73.3 (12.5) | 75.4 (10.9) | 71.5 (13.3) |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 628 (57.4) | 241 (53.9) | 356 (61.4) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 718 (66.7) | 278 (63.2) | 389 (68.0) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 467 (44.0) | 202 (46.9) | 241 (42.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 202 (18.6) | 84 (18.9) | 103 (17.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 375 (37.4) | 162 (39.7) | 181 (34.1) |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||
| Never | 523 (49.7) | 221 (51.6) | 271 (48.3) |
| Ex-smoker | 416 (39.5) | 173 (40.4) | 218 (38.9) |
| Current | 114 (10.8) | 34 (7.9) | 72 (12.8) |
| Alcohol use, n (%) | 604 (58.9) | 230 (55.3) | 338 (61.9) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 174 (16.2) | 75 (17.0) | 90 (15.8) |
| Chronic liver disease, n (%) | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) |
| Chronic renal disease requiring dialysis, n (%) | 5 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.9) |
| Pre-existing cognitive impairment, n (%) | 251 (39.8) | 116 (43.9) | 115 (35.3) |
| Previous cerebral ischaemic event, n (%) | 241 (22.9) | 96 (22.6) | 126 (22.4) |
| Previous ICH, n (%) | 46 (4.3) | 21 (4.9) | 21 (3.7) |
| APOE ε2, presence, n (%) | 189 (20.7) | 92 (24.9) | 90 (18.4) |
| APOE ε4, presence, n (%) | 256 (28.1) | 113 (30.6) | 125 (25.6) |
| Medications | |||
| Antiplatelet use prior to ICH, n (%) | 267 (24.6) | 111 (25.0) | 143 (25.0) |
| Anticoagulant use prior to ICH, n (%) | 436 (40.1) | 190 (42.8) | 208 (36.1) |
| None, n (%) | 650 (59.9) | 254 (57.3) | 367 (63.7) |
| Warfarin, n (%) | 402 (37.0) | 175 (39.5) | 191 (33.2) |
| NOAC (dabigatran, factor Xa inhibitor), n (%) | 27 (2.5) | 10 (2.3) | 15 (2.6) |
| Heparin (LMWH, UFH), n (%) | 7 (0.6) | 4 (0.9) | 3 (0.5) |
| Antiplatelet at discharge, n (%) | 65 (6.4) | 27 (6.5) | 35 (6.5) |
| Anticoagulant at discharge, n (%) | 113 (10.7) | 44 (10.2) | 57 (10.2) |
| None, n (%) | 954 (93.3) | 391 (93.1) | 505 (93.9) |
| Warfarin, n (%) | 27 (2.6) | 13 (3.1) | 9 (1.7) |
| NOAC (dabigatran, factor Xa inhibitor), n (%) | 8 (0.8) | 2 (0.5) | 6 (1.1) |
| Heparin (LMWH, UFH), n (%) | 34 (3.3) | 14 (3.3) | 18 (3.4) |
| Clinical features at study entry | |||
| NIHSS, median (IQR) | 7 (3–13) | 6 (2–13) | 8 (4–14) |
| GCS, median (IQR) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (14–15) |
| Imaging features at study entry | |||
| Lacunes, presence, n (%) | 98 (9.0) | 27 (6.1) | 65 (11.3) |
| Van Swieten Score, median (IQR) | 0 (0 to 2) | 0 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 2) |
| ICH volume, n (%) | |||
| <30 mL | 886 (85.9) | 304 (72.6) | 523 (94.8) |
| 30–60 mL | 99 (9.6) | 75 (17.9) | 22 (4.0) |
| >60 mL | 47 (4.6) | 40 (9.6) | 9 (1.3) |
| ICH location | |||
| Lobar | 447 (40.9) | – | – |
| Deep | 546 (50.0) | – | – |
| Cerebellar | 65 (6.0) | – | – |
| Brainstem | 34 (3.1) | – | – |
| Discharge mRS, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–4) |
Percentage values were calculated using the total number of patients for whom data were available as the denominator.
APOE, Apolipoprotein E; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; IQR, interquartile range; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin; mRS, modified Rankin scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NOAC, non–Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants; SD, standard deviation; UFH, unfractionated heparin.