Basic MRI features of infectious and non-infectious adverse events during multiple sclerosis (MS) therapies
Location | Shape/appearance | MRI sequences | |
JCV | |||
PML |
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GCN |
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Herpesviruses | |||
HSE |
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VZV |
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Cryptococcus |
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Listeriosis |
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Nocardiosis |
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RCVS |
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PRES |
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PCNSL |
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TDL |
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Cerebrovascular events (in patients treated with alemtuzumab) are not included in this table due to the diversity of reported events in patients treated with alemtuzumab, which on its own are radiologically similar to those seen in patients with a primarily cardiovascular cause for the event.
ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; DWI, diffusion weighted imaging; FLAIR, fluid attenuation inversion recovery; GCN, granule cell neuronopathy; GM, grey matter; IRIS, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; JCV, JC virus; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography; PCNSL, primary central nervous system lymphoma; PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; PRES, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; RCVS, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome; SAH, subarachnoidal haemorrhage; TDL, tumefactive demyelinating lesion; WM, white matter.