Cause-specific hazard models: multivariable associations of baseline clinical and MRI characteristics with functional decline
| First transition to mRS 4/5 | ||
| CSHR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Model 1: baseline clinical and ICH characteristics* | ||
| Age (years) | 1.08 (1.05 to 1.12) | <0.001 |
| mRS 6 months | 1.72 (1.24 to 2.41) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.49 (1.18 to 5.28) | 0.017 |
| ICH volume (mL)(§) | 1.03 (1.01 to 1.06) | 0.016 |
| Model 2: baseline clinical, ICH and MRI characteristics† | ||
| Age (years) | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11)‡ | <0.001 |
| mRS 6 months | 1.60 (1.10 to 2.32) | 0.014 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.54 (1.08 to 6.02) | 0.034 |
| ICH volume (mL)(§) | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.07) | 0.003 |
| CMBs | ||
| None | 1.00 (ref) | 0.018 |
| CMBs strictly deep | 1.29 (0.15 to 11.02) | |
| CMBs strictly lobar | 3.46 (1.15 to 10.45) | |
| CMBs mixed | 4.33 (1.68 to 11.16) | |
Cause-specific HRs for long-term functional decline (defined as time to first transition from mRS 0–3 to 4–5) were calculated using backward-stepwise multivariable cause-specific Cox regression models for interval-censored data treating death as competing event.
*Model 1 was based on the following candidates’ predictors: age, sex, diabetes mellitus, ICH volume, atrial fibrillation, smoking, antiplatelet therapy, antihypertensive therapy, mRS score at 6 months, ICH location (lobar location and deep location).
†Model 2 was based on the following candidates’ predictors: age, diabetes mellitus, ICH volume, mRS score at 6 months, white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, cerebral atrophy score and cortical superficial siderosis.
‡Calculated per 10-year increase.
§Calculated per 1 mL increase.
CMBs, cerebral microbleeds; CSHR, cause-specific HR; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.