Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) of dementia subtypes according to quartiles of the GMV-to-TBV ratio of the medial temporal lobe, insula, hippocampus and amygdala
| No of subjects | Alzheimer’s disease | Vascular dementia | |||
| No of events | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) | No of events | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) | ||
| Medial temporal GMV/TBV (%) | |||||
| Q1 (0.40–0.79) | 289 | 36 | 1.51 (0.84 to 2.70) | 4 | 1.30 (0.28 to 6.04) |
| Q2 (0.80–0.84) | 290 | 16 | 0.84 (0.43 to 1.67) | 2 | 0.86 (0.14 to 5.30) |
| Q3 (0.85–0.89) | 290 | 13 | 0.69 (0.33 to 1.45) | 5 | 1.96 (0.44 to 8.67) |
| Q4 (0.90–1.09) | 289 | 18 | 1.00 (Reference) | 3 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| P for trend=0.08 | P for trend=0.99 | ||||
| Insular GMV/TBV (%) | |||||
| Q1 (0.61–1.03) | 289 | 35 | 1.88 (0.96 to 3.66) | 6 | 1.73 (0.40 to 7.49) |
| Q2 (1.04–1.10) | 290 | 22 | 1.42 (0.70 to 2.87) | 3 | 1.21 (0.23 to 6.31) |
| Q3 (1.11–1.17) | 290 | 12 | 0.72 (0.33 to 1.60) | 2 | 0.60 (0.10 to 3.78) |
| Q4 (1.18–1.46) | 289 | 14 | 1.00 (Reference) | 3 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| P for trend=0.01 | P for trend=0.30 | ||||
| Hippocampal GMV/TBV (%) | |||||
| Q1 (0.45–0.77) | 289 | 40 | 3.57 (1.53 to 8.34)* | 6 | 1.60 (0.33 to 7.74) |
| Q2 (0.78–0.81) | 290 | 22 | 2.62 (1.10 to 6.26)* | 1 | 0.28 (0.03 to 2.90) |
| Q3 (0.82–0.86) | 290 | 14 | 1.55 (0.61 to 3.94) | 4 | 1.76 (0.36 to 8.46) |
| Q4 (0.87–1.01) | 289 | 7 | 1.00 (Reference) | 3 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| P for trend <0.001 | P for trend=0.86 | ||||
| Amygdala GMV/TBV (%) | |||||
| Q1 (0.11–0.21) | 289 | 44 | 2.41 (1.16 to 5.01)* | 4 | 0.80 (0.18 to 3.62) |
| Q2 (0.22–0.23) | 290 | 18 | 1.57 (0.72 to 3.44) | 3 | 0.89 (0.19 to 4.13) |
| Q3 (0.24–0.24) | 290 | 11 | 0.94 (0.39 to 2.29) | 3 | 1.18 (0.26 to 5.46) |
| Q4 (0.25–0.31) | 289 | 10 | 1.00 (Reference) | 4 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| P for trend=0.003 | P for trend=0.73 | ||||
Multivariate adjustment was made for age, sex, education status, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, diabetes mellitus, serum total cholesterol, body mass index, ECG abnormalities, cerebrovascular lesions on MRI, smoking habits, alcohol intake, regular exercise and TBV/ICV.
*P<0.05 vs Q4.
GMV, grey matter volume; ICV, intracranial volume; TBV, total brain volume.