PNES cases | Controls | Model 1* | Model 2† | Model 3‡ | |||
No of death | Mortality rate per 1000 person-years | No of death | Mortality rate per 1000 person-years | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Age <50 years | 20 | 4.7 (2.9, 7.3) | 18 | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | 12.4 (6.4 to 24.4) | 12.6 (5.8 to 27.4) | 8.5 (3.5 to 20.7) |
Age ≥50 years | 12 | 16.2 (8.4, 28.3) | 28 | 3.6 (2.4, 5.2) | 4.4 (2.2 to 8.8) | 5.6 (2.4 to 12.8) | 4.0 (1.6 to 9.8) |
Time since PNES diagnosis <3 years | 14 | 2.8 (1.5, 4.7) | 15 | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 20.8 (9.9 to 44.0) | 29.1 (11.5 to 73.9) | 18.6 (6.5 to 53.6) |
Time since PNES diagnosis ≥3 years | 18 | 3.9 (2.3, 6.2) | 31 | 0.7 (0.4, 0.9) | 5.4 (3.1 to 9.6) | 5.8 (3.0 to 11.4) | 4.2 (2.0 to 9.0) |
*Model 1 matched on sex and year of birth.
†Model 2 matched on sex and year of birth and adjusted for county of birth and education status .
‡Model 3 matched on sex and year of birth and adjusted for county of birth, education status and any psychiatric comorbidity other than PNES.
PNES, psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.;