HR for association between demographic characteristics and depression following first stroke, 2003–2020
| All stroke HR (95% CI) | IS HR (95% CI) | ICH HR (95% CI) | SAH HR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| Female | 1.53 (1.51 to 1.55) | 1.55 (1.53 to 1.58) | 1.39 (1.33 to 1.46) | 1.40 (1.32 to 1.49) |
| Age group | ||||
| 18–34 | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| 35–49 | 1.10 (1.04 to 1.15) | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.12) | 1.38 (1.23 to 1.56) | 1.24 (1.08 to 1.42) |
| 50–64 | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.05) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 1.22 (1.09 to 1.36) | 1.10 (0.97 to 1.25) |
| 65 and older | 0.75 (0.72 to 0.79) | 0.74 (0.70 to 0.78) | 0.92 (0.83 to 1.02) | 0.89 (0.78 to 1.01) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||
| White | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| Asian | 0.63 (0.60 to 0.66) | 0.64 (0.60 to 0.67) | 0.55 (0.48 to 0.65) | 0.54 (0.44 to 0.66) |
| Black | 0.76 (0.74 to 0.78) | 0.77 (0.75 to 0.79) | 0.65 (0.60 to 0.71) | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.89) |
| Hispanic | 0.88 (0.86 to 0.90) | 0.89 (0.87 to 0.91) | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.92) | 0.79 (0.71 to 0.88) |
| Region | ||||
| Midwest | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) |
| Northeast | 1.22 (1.19 to 1.25) | 1.22 (1.19 to 1.25) | 1.25 (1.16 to 1.34) | 1.19 (1.08 to 1.30) |
| South | 0.87 (0.86 to 0.89) | 0.88 (0.86 to 0.89) | 0.83 (0.79 to 0.89) | 0.87 (0.81 to 0.94) |
| West | 0.73 (0.71 to 0.74) | 0.73 (0.71 to 0.74) | 0.68 (0.63 to 0.73) | 0.73 (0.67 to 0.80) |
ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage; IS, ischaemic stroke; SAH, subarachnoid haemorrhage.