Table 2

Number of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell responders among HCWs and PwMS at T3

Stimulation and type of T-cell response evaluation	Cytokine produced	T3 responders over total N (%)
Stimulation and type of T-cell response evaluation	Cytokine produced	HCWs 15 (100)	PwMS 22 (100)	P value*
Spike-specific CD4⁺ T cells	Any Th1	13 (86.6)	5 (22.7)	0.0001
	IFN-γ	7 (46.6)	5 (22.7)	0.1267
	TNF-α	9 (60)	0 (0)	<0.0001
	IL-2	9 (60)	0 (0)	<0.0001
Spike-specific CD8⁺ T cells	Any Th1	4 (26.6)	2 (9.1)	0.1544
	IFN-γ	4 (26.6)	2 (9.1)	0.1544
	TNF-α	1 (6.6)	0 (0)	0.2195
	IL-2	1 (6.6)	0 (0)	0.2195
CD4⁺ T cells response to SEB	Any Th1	15 (100)	22 (100)	n/a
	IFN-γ	15 (100)	22 (100)	n/a
	TNF-α	15 (100)	21 (91.3)	0.4025
	IL-2	12 (80)	12 (54.5)	<0.0001
CD8⁺ T cells response to SEB	Any Th1	15 (100)	22 (100)	n/a
	IFN-γ	15 (100)	22 (100)	n/a
	TNF-α	13 (86.7)	21 (95.5)	0.3363
	IL-2	14 (93.3)	3 (13.6)	<0.0001

In bold are indicated the significant values.
*χ² test.
HCWs, healthcare care workers; N, Number; n/a, not available; PwMS, patients with multiple sclerosis; SEB, staphylococcal enterotoxin B.