Clinical and MRI characteristics of the two study groups at follow-up
| Patients experiencing | MS-COVID (n=136) | MS-NCOVID (n=186) | OR of MS-COVID vs MS-NCOVID (95% CI)* | P-value* |
| EDSS worsening, number (%) | 21 (15.4%) | 20 (10.8%) | 1.66 (0.84 to 3.29) | 0.71 |
| Relapses, number (%) | 9 (6.6%) | 10 (5.4%) | 1.21 (0.47 to 3.12) | 1.00 |
| DMT change, number (%) | 10 (7.4%) | 7 (3.8%) | 1.93 (0.72 to 5.48) | 0.99 |
| New/enalarging T2 lesions, number (%) | 12 (8.8%) | 19 (10.2%) | 0.78 (0.35 to 1.66) | 1.00 |
| Gadolinium-enhancing lesions, number (%) (six missing) | 9 (6.7%) | 7 (3.9%) | 1.66(0.60 to 4.80) | 1.00 |
*ORs and p values from univariate logistic regression analyses were adjusted for age and sex. P values were adjusted with Bonferroni’s correction to account for multiple testing.
DMT, disease-modifying treatment; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; MS, multiple sclerosis.