Characteristics of the healthy subjects and patients with aMCI
| Characteristics | Healthy subjects (n=21) | Patients with aMCI | P value* | |
| Circuits-based PAS (n=21) | Sham PAS (n=21) | |||
| Basic characteristics | ||||
| Gender (% female) | 14 (66.67) | 16 (76.19) | 9 (42.86) | 0.78 |
| Age, years | 63.19 (7.35) | 66.33 (7.41) | 65.14 (5.95) | 0.17 |
| Education, years | 9.43 (2.98) | 8.76 (2.10) | 9.86 (1.39) | 0.87 |
| Height, cm | 164.81 (7.41) | 161.86 (6.98) | 165.05 (7.20) | 0.49 |
| Weight, kg | 62.67 (9.72) | 61.76 (11.92) | 64.22 (7.68) | 0.90 |
| Average exercise duration, min/day | 87.14 (76.43) | 77.14 (78.56) | 82.86 (90.45) | 0.74 |
| Average sleep duration, min/day | 382.86 (69.65) | 391.43 (74.99) | 415.24 (99.78) | 0.36 |
| Daily life performance | ||||
| FAQ | 0.48 (2.18) | 0.43 (1.57) | 1.67 (4.68) | 0.50 |
| Emotional performance | ||||
| HAMD | 1.00 (1.26) | 1.19 (1.75) | 1.33 (1.59) | 0.53 |
| HAMA | 2.71 (1.55) | 2.95 (2.04) | 2.91 (2.17) | 0.68 |
| Cognitive performance | ||||
| MMSE | 28.29 (1.31) | 26.81 (1.81) | 25.95 (1.53) | <0.001 |
| AVLT | 35 (7.94) | 17.81 (6.07) | 18.62 (6.02) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_IR | 20.43 (4.62) | 12.43 (3.30) | 13.19 (3.80) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N1 | 4.71 (1.35) | 2.71 (1.15) | 2.91 (1.09) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N2 | 7.19 (2.06) | 4.43 (1.21) | 4.71 (1.59) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N3 | 8.52 (1.94) | 5.29 (1.68) | 5.57 (1.99) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N4 | 7.38 (1.99) | 2.95 (1.96) | 2.91 (1.48) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N5 | 7.19 (2.04) | 2.43 (1.43) | 2.52 (1.44) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N6 | 6.86 (2.57) | 2.29 (1.85) | 2.86 (1.56) | <0.001 |
| AVLT_N7 | 21.76 (2.64) | 18.52 (2.66) | 19.81 (2.04) | <0.001 |
| BNT | 25.24 (1.51) | 19.81 (3.78) | 21.33 (3.43) | <0.001 |
| STT_B, s | 112.01 (31.75) | 212.75 (99.34) | 185.57 (86.92) | <0.001 |
| SDMT_correct | 45.48 (9.09) | 24.33 (12.09) | 29.71 (11.95) | <0.001 |
| CFT_copy | 32.29 (3.02) | 27.21 (6.41) | 29.21 (5.85) | <0.001 |
Data are mean (SD), unless otherwise indicated.
*Comparisons between healthy subjects (n=21) and patients with aMCI (n=42).
aMCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment; AVLT, Auditory Verbal Learning Test; AVLT_IR, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, total score of immediate recall; AVLT_N1, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, first immediate recall; AVLT_N2, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, second immediate recall; AVLT_N3, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, the third immediate recall; AVLT_N4, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, short-term delay recall; AVLT_N5, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, long-term delay recall; AVLT_N6, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, long delay cued recall; AVLT_N7, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, recognition; BNT, Boston naming test; CFT_copy, Complex figure test, copy part; FAQ, Functional Activity Questionnaire; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PAS, paired associative stimulation; SDMT_correct, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, correct number; STT_B, Shape Trails Test, part B.