Chest
Volume 154, Issue 5, November 2018, Pages 1121-1201
Evidence-Based MedicineAntithrombotic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report
Key Words
antithrombotic therapy
atrial fibrillation
evidence-based medicine
guidelines
Abbreviations
ABC
Atrial fibrillation Better Care
ACS
acute coronary syndrome
ACTIVE W
Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events
ACUTE
Assessment of Cardioversion Using Transesophageal Echocardiography
AFFIRM
Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Sinus Rhythm Management
AHRE
atrial high-rate episode
aPTT
activated partial thromboplastin time
ARISTOTLE
Apixaban for Reduction of Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation
ATRIA
Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation
AVERROES
Apixaban Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) to Prevent Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Who Have Failed or Are Unsuitable for Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment
BRIDGE
Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients who Require Temporary Interruption of Warfarin Therapy for an Elective Invasive Procedure or Surgery
CAA
cerebral amyloid angiopathy
CHA2DS2-VASc
congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 (doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled)-vascular disease, age 65-74 and sex category (female)
CHADS2
congestive heart failure
hypertension
age
diabetes
stroke (doubled)
CIED
cardiac implanted electrical device
CKD
chronic kidney disease
CMB
cerebral microbleed
COI
conflicts of interest
CrCl
creatinine clearance
DAPT
dual antiplatelet therapy
ESUS
embolic stroke of undetermined source
GRADE
Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation
HAS-BLED
hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function (1 point each), stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR, elderly (0.65), drugs/alcohol concomitantly (1 point each)
HEMORR2HAGES
hepatic or renal disease, ethanol abuse, malignancy, older, reduced platelet count/function, hypertension, anemia, genetic factors, excessive fall risk, and stroke
HF
heart failure
HR
hazard ratio
ICH
intracranial hemorrhage
INR
international normalized ratio
LAA
left atrial appendage
LAAO
left atrial appendage occlusion
LMWH
low-molecular-weight heparin
MI
myocardial infarction
MOST
Atrial Diagnostics Ancillary Study of the Mode Selection Trial
NOAC
non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant drug
OAC
oral anticoagulant
o.d.
omni die (every day)
PAD
peripheral arterial disease
PCC
prothrombin complex concentrate
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
PREVAIL
Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Watchman LAA Closure Device In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Versus Long Term Warfarin Therapy trial
PROTECT AF
Watchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
RCT
randomized controlled trial
RE-ALIGN
Randomized, Phase II Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Oral Dabigatran Etexilate in Patients after Heart Valve Replacement
RE-LY
Randomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulant Therapy with Dabigatran Etexilate
RE-VERSE AD
Reversal Effects of Idarucizumab on Active Dabigatran
ROCKET AF
Rivaroxaban Once daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation
RR
risk ratio
SPAF-I
Stroke Prevention in AF
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography
TIA
transient ischemic attack
t.i.d.
ter in die (three times daily)
TT
thrombin time
TTE
transthoracic echocardiography
TTR
time in therapeutic range
UFH
unfractionated heparin
VKA
vitamin K antagonist
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DISCLAIMER: CHEST Guidelines are intended for general information only, are not medical advice, and do not replace professional medical care and physician advice, which should always be sought for any medical condition. The complete disclaimer for this guideline can be accessed at: http://www.chestnet.org/Guidelines-and-Resources
FUNDING/SUPPORT: This study was funded in total by internal funds from the American College of Chest Physicians.
© 2018 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.