Don't Wait for a Sensory Level – Listen to the Symptoms: a Prospective Audit of the Delays in Diagnosis of Malignant Cord Compression

doi:10.1053/clon.2002.0098

Clinical Oncology

Volume 14, Issue 6, December 2002, Pages 472-480

https://doi.org/10.1053/clon.2002.0098 Get rights and content

Abstract

Aim: To report details concerning symptoms (especially pain) preceding the development of malignant cord compression (MCC); delays between onset/reporting of symptoms and confirmed diagnosis of MCC; accuracy of investigations carried out.

Methods: A prospective observational study examined the diagnosis, management and outcome of 319 patients diagnosed with MCC at three Scottish cancer centres between January 1998–April 1999. The process was considered from the perspectives of the patient, the GP and the hospital doctor.

Results: At diagnosis, most patients (82%) were either unable to walk or only able to do so with help. Pain was reported by nearly all patients interviewed (94%) and had been present for approximately 3 months (median=90 days). It was severe in 84% of cases, with the distribution and characteristics of nerve root pain in 79%. The site of pain did not correspond to the site of compression. Where reported, weakness and/or sensory problems had been noticed by the patient for some time before diagnosis (median intervals 20 and 12 days, respectively). Most patients reported early symptoms to their General Practitioner (GP) and diagnosis was established, following referral and investigation, approximately 2 months (median=66 days) later.

Conclusion: Patients who develop spinal metastases are at risk of irreversible spinal cord damage. Weakness and sensory abnormalities are reported late and identified even later, despite patients having reported pain for a considerable time. Patients with cancer who describe severe back or spinal nerve root pain need urgent assessment on the basis of their symptoms, as signs may occur too late. Plain films and bone scans requested for patients in this audit predicted accurately the level of compression in only 21% and 19% of cases, respectively. The only accurate investigation to establish the presence and site of a compressive lesion is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A referral guideline based on suspicious symptoms in addition to suspicious signs is suggested. Copyright 2002 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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^f1: Author for correspondence: Dr P. Levack, Roxburghe House, Royal Victoria Hospital, Dundee, DD2 1SP, U.K.

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Original ArticlesDon't Wait for a Sensory Level – Listen to the Symptoms: a Prospective Audit of the Delays in Diagnosis of Malignant Cord Compression

Abstract

Neurol Clinics

Am J Med

Radiother Oncol

Clin Oncol

Clin Oncol

Pain

Pain

Pain

Metastatic spinal cord compression. Occurrence, symptoms, clinical presentation and prognosis in 398 patients with spinal cord compression

Acta Neurochir

Original Articles
Don't Wait for a Sensory Level – Listen to the Symptoms: a Prospective Audit of the Delays in Diagnosis of Malignant Cord Compression