Comparison of long-term mortality rates between patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the general population has not been adequately investigated. This project aimed to obtain information on the long-term mortality rate of patients with TBI. Using a rehabilitation database of a major teaching hospital, the search identified 476 patients, of whom 27 were deceased. This mortality rate (5.7%) was compared with the expected mortality rate for an equivalent population without TBI (1.5%) using Australian Life Table data. It was found that patients with TBI had a significantly higher mortality rate than the general population (chi2 = 12.2, p < 0.001). Possible reasons for this finding are discussed.